Free Astronomy Magazine November-December 2026 ARABIC VERSION

S301 is affected by the rotation of Sagittarius A* byESO BárbaraFerreira stronomershavediscovered thefastestknownstarinour galaxy,theMilkyWay,orbit- ing the black hole at its centre. The star,namedS301,wasdetectedwith the European Southern Observa- tory’sVeryLargeTelescopeInterfer- ometer (ESO’s VLTI) and reaches speeds of 25,000 km/s as it travels around the four-million-Solar-mass blackhole.Itcomesclosertoitthan any other observed before, so close that it feels the effects of the black hole’s rotation. “Decadescarefullytrackingstarsor- NOVEMBER-DECEMBER2026 أﺳﺮع ﻧ ﻢﻓﻲدر اﻟﺘ ﺎﻧﺔ ﺘﺄﺛﺮ ﺪوران اﻟﻘﻮس *A : ﻘﻠﻢ ﺎر ﺮا ﻓ ﺮا اﻟﻤﺮﺻﺪ اﻷوروﺑﻲ اﻟ ـ ﺠﻨﻮﺑﻲ اﻛﺘﺸـﻒ ﻋﻠﻤﺎء اﻟﻔﻠﻚ أﴎع ﻧﺠﻢ ﻣﻌـﺮوف ﰲ ﻣﺠﺮﺗﻨﺎ ﻣﺠﺮة درب اﻟﺘﺒﺎﻧﺔ وﻫﻮ ﻳﺪور ﺣـﻮل اﻟﺜﻘﺐ اﻷ ﺳـﻮد ا ﻮﺟـﻮد ﰲ ﻣﺮﻛﺰﻫـﺎ ورﺻـﺪ اﻟــﻨﺠﻢ اﻟــﺬي أُﻃﻠــﻖ ﻋﻠﻴــﻪ اﺳــﻢ S301 ـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ ــــــ ـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ ﺒﻲ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام ﻣ ﻘﻴﺎس اﻟﺘﺪاﺧﻞ ﻟﻠﺘﻠﺴﻜﻮب اﻟﻜﺒ اً ﺟﺪ اﻟﺘﺎﺑﻊ ﻟﻠﻤﺮﺻﺪ اﻷوروﺑﻲ اﻟﺠﻨﻮﺑﻲ وﺗﺒﻠﻎ ﴎﻋﺘﻪ ﻧﺤﻮ 25 أﻟﻒ ﻛﻴﻠﻮﻣﱰ ﰲ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ أﺛﻨﺎء دوراﻧﻪ ﺣﻮل اﻟﺜﻘﺐ اﻷﺳﻮد اﻟﺬي ﺗﺒﻠﻎ ﻛﺘﻠﺘـﻪ ﻧﺤﻮ أرﺑﻌـﺔ ﻣﻼﻳـ ﺿـﻌﻒ ﻛ ﺘﻠـﺔ اﻟﺸـﻤﺲ وﻳﻘﱰب اﻟﻨﺠﻢ S301 ﻣ ﻦ اﻟﺜﻘﺐ اﻷﺳﻮد أ ﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ أي ﻧﺠﻢ رﺻﺪ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ إﱃ درﺟ ﺔ أﻧﻪ ﻳﺘﺄﺛﺮ ﺑﺪوران اﻟﺜﻘﺐ اﻷﺳﻮد وﻗﺎل اﻟﺤﺎﺋﺰ ﻋﲆ ﺟﺎﺋﺰة ﻧﻮﺑﻞ راﻳﻨﻬﺎرد ﻏﻨﺰل، ﻣـﺪﻳﺮ ﻣﻌﻬـﺪ ﻣـﺎﻛﺲ ﺑﻼﻧﻚ ﻟﻠﻔﻴﺰﻳـﺎء ﺧـﺎرج اﻷرض ﰲ ﻏﺎرﺷـﻴﻨﻎ ﺗﻜﺸــﻒ اﻟﺘ ﻫــﺬﻩ اﻟﻠﻘﻄـــﺔ اﻟــ ﻘﻄــﺖ ﺑﻮاﺳـــﻄﺔ " اﻟﺘﻠﺴــ ﻮب ا ﻟﻜﺒــ ﺟــﺪاً " اﻟﺘــﺎﺑﻊ ﻟﻠﻤﺮﺻــﺪ اﻷوروﺑــﻲ ـاﻟ ﺠﻨﻮﺑﻲ ﻋﻦ اﻟﻨﺠﻮم واﻟﻐـﺎزات ا ﻟﻤﺤ ﻄـﺔ ﻌﻤـﻼق ﻏـ ﻣﺮ ــﻲ ﺛﻘــﺐ أﺳــﻮد ﻓـﺎﺋﻖ اﻟﻜﺘﻠــﺔ ﻳ ﻌـﺪ ﺣــﻮاﻟﻲ 27 أﻟــﻒ . ﺳــﻨﺔ ﺿــﻮﺋ ﺔ ــﺔ إﻧﻬــﺎ ﺑﻴﺌــﺔ ﺗﺘﺴـﻢ ﺪ ﻨﺎﻣ ﻜ ﻫﺎﺋﻠـــﺔ ـــﺚ ﺗﻨـــﺪﻓﻊ اﻟﻨﺠـــﻮم وﺳـــﺤﺐ اﻟﻐـــﺎز ﺑﺠـــ ﺣ ﻮار اﻟﺜﻘﺐ اﻷﺳﻮد ﺴﺮﻋﺎتﻣﺬﻫﻠﺔ . [ESO/D. Ribeiro for the MPE GC team] ﻧﻮﻓﻤﺒﺮ - ﺩﻳﺴﻤﺒﺮ 2 0 2 6