Free Astronomy Magazine November-December 2026 ARABIC VERSION

10 launched by the USA towards the Moon on 20 September 1966. Averysimilarcaseinvolvedanother near-Earthasteroid,dis- covered on February 1 st , twenty-fiveyearsago,by theSpacewatchTelescope (Steward Observatory, Kitt Peak) and named 2001 DO 47 . Subsequent observations with the Goldstone Solar System Radar (Barstow, Califor- nia) revealed anomalies initstrajectory,which,in- stead of being uniform, exhibited atypical dis- placements for an aster- oid. These anomalies la- terturnedouttocoincide with a series of engine firings on NASA’s Wind probe. Anequallyillustrativeex- ample is the case of NEA 2005 VL 1 , initially classi- fied as an asteroid, later as a dark comet due to unusual non-gravitation- al acceleration, and re- centlyidentifiedwitha highprobabilityastheSovietspace probe Venera 2. Launched on No- vember12,1965,withVenusasits destination, it was lost shortly beforereachingitsdestina-tion. The events of NEAs 2020 SO, 2001DO 47 ,and2005VL 1 dem- onstrate that it is possible to distinguish artifacts from nat- ural bodies based on their or- bitalmotionandspectroscopic properties, even if they are onlyafewmetersinsize;how- ever,theymustbenearbyand relatively slow. But this may not be enough in the search fornon-terrestrialtechnology. If an alien civilization wanted to “spy” on Earth, it would haveothersolutionsavailable, such as a probe placed on an NEA, or the equivalent of a CubeSatinsertedintoaLa- grangian point, or in a quasi-satel- lite orbit, or in other co-orbital trajectoriescapableofperiodically NOVEMBER-DECEMBER2026 ﻣﺠﻠﺔ FreeAstronomy ﺎﻟﻌﺮ ﺔ 10 اﻷول ﻣﻦ ﻓﱪاﻳﺮ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺧﻤﺴﺔ وﻋ ﴩﻳﻦ ـ ﻋﺎﻣًﺎ ﺑﻮاﺳﻄﺔ ﺗﻠﺴﻜﻮب ﺳﺒﻴﺲ وﺗـﺶ ﰲ ﻣﺮﺻﺪ ﺳﺘﻴﻮارد، ﻛﻴﺖ ﺑﻴـﻚ، وﺣﻤـﻞ اﻻﺳﻢ 2001 DO47 وأﻇﻬـﺮت أرﺻـﺎد ﻻﺣﻘـﺔ ﺑﺎﺳـﺘﺨﺪام رادار ﻏﻮﻟﺪﺳـﺘﻮن ﻟﻠﻨﻈﺎم اﻟـ ﺸـ ﻤﴘ ﰲ ﺑﺎرﺳـﺘﻮ ﺑﻮﻻﻳـﺔ ﻛﺎﻟﻴﻔﻮرﻧﻴﺎ وﺟﻮد اﺿﻄﺮاﺑ ﺎت ﰲ ﻣﺴﺎره ﻓﺒﺪﻻً ﻣﻦ أن ﺗﻜـﻮن ﺣﺮﻛﺘـﻪ ﻣﻨﺘﻈﻤـﺔ أﻇﻬﺮ إزاﺣﺎت ﻏ اﻋﺘﻴﺎدﻳﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ إﱃ ﻛﻮﻳﻜــﺐ واﺗﻀــﺢ ﻻﺣﻘًــﺎ أن ﻫــﺬه اﻻﺿﻄﺮاﺑﺎت ﺗﺰاﻣﻨﺖ ﻣﻊ ﺳﻠﺴـﻠﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎت ﺗﺸﻐﻴﻞ ﻣﺤﺮﻛﺎت ﻣﺴﺒﺎر ﻧﺎﺳﺎ ا ﺴــﻤﻰ " وﻳﻨـــﺪ " وﻣـــﻦ اﻷﻣﺜﻠ ــﺔ اﻟﺘﻮﺿــﻴﺤﻴﺔ اﻷﺧــﺮى ﺣﺎﻟــﺔ اﻟﺠــﺮم اﻟﻘﺮﻳﺐ ﻣـﻦ اﻷرض 2005 VL1 اﻟـ ﺬي ﺻُـﻨّﻒ ﰲ اﻟﺒﺪاﻳــﺔ ﻛﻮﻳﻜﺒ ـ ﺎً ﺛـﻢ أُﻋﻴــﺪ ﺗﺼﻨﻴﻔﻪ ﻣﺬﻧﺒ ﺎً ﺎً ﻣﻈﻠﻤ ﺑﺴﺒﺐ ﺗﺴـﺎرﻋﻪ ﻏ ا ﻌﺘﺎد اﻟﻨﺎﺗﺞ ﻋﻦ ﻗﻮى ﻏ ﺟﺎذﺑﻴﺔ ﻗﺒﻞ أن ﺗﺸ اﻷدﻟـﺔ اﻟﺤﺪﻳﺜـﺔ ﺑﺪرﺟـﺔ اﺣﺘﻤﺎل ﻋﺎﻟﻴﺔ إﱃ أﻧﻪ ا ﺴﺒﺎر اﻟﺴﻮﻓﻴﺘﻲ ﻓﻴﻨ ا 2 . أُﻃﻠﻖ ﻫـﺬا ا ﺴـﺒﺎر ﺑﺘـﺎرﻳﺦ ١٩٦٥ ﺑﺎﺗﺠﺎه ﻛﻮﻛﺐ اﻟﺰﻫﺮة، ﻟﻜﻨﻪ ﻓُﻘﺪ 12 ﻧﻮﻓﻤﱪ 1965 ﺑﺎﺗﺠﺎه ﻛﻮﻛﺐ اﻟﺰﻫﺮة ﻟﻜﻨﻪ ﻓُﻘﺪ ﻗ ﺒﻞ وﻗﺖ ﻗﺼ ﻣﻦ وﺻﻮﻟﻪ إﱃ وﺟﻬﺘـﻪ وﺗﻮﺿ ـﺢ ﺣــﺎﻻت 2020 SO و 001 DO47 ـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ و 2005 VL1 أن ﻣـﻦ ا ﻤﻜ ـﻦ اﻟﺘﻤﻴﻴــﺰ ﺑــ ا ﺼﻨﻮﻋﺎت اﻟ ﻔﻀـﺎﺋﻴﺔ واﻷﺟـﺮام اﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻴـﺔ اﻋﺘﻤﺎد اً ﻋﲆ ﺣﺮﻛﺘﻬـﺎ ا ﺪارﻳـﺔ وﺧﺼﺎﺋﺼـﻬﺎ ـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ اﻟﻄﻴﻔﻴﺔ ﺣﺘﻰ ﻋ ﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﻻ ﻳﺘﺠ ﺎوز ﺣﺠﻤﻬﺎ ﺑﻀﻌﺔ أﻣﺘﺎر ﻟﻜـﻦ ذﻟـﻚ ﻳﺘﻄﻠﺐ أن ﺗﻜﻮن ﻫـﺬه اﻷﺟﺴـﺎم ﻗﺮﻳﺒﺔ ﻧﺴـﺒﻴ ﺎً وﺑﻄﻴﺌـﺔ اﻟ ﺤﺮﻛـﺔ وﻗﺪ ﻻ ﻳﻜﻮن ﻫﺬا ﻛﺎﻓﻴـ ﺎً ﻟﻠﺒﺤـﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺗﻜﻨﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺎ ﻏ أرﺿﻴﺔ . ﻓ ـﺈذا أر ادت ﺣﻀ ـﺎرة ﻓﻀــﺎﺋﻴﺔ « ﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺔ » اﻷرض ﻓﻬﻨـﺎك ﺣﻠـﻮل أﺧﺮى ﻣﺘﺎﺣـﺔ ﻟﻬـﺎ ﻣﺜـﻞ وﺿـﻊ ﻣﺴـﺒﺎر ﻋـﲆ أﺣـﺪ اﻟﻜﻮﻳﻜﺒـﺎت اﻟﻘﺮﻳﺒﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻷرض أو ﻣﺎ ﻳﻌـﺎدل اً ﻗﻤﺮ اﺻﻄﻨﺎﻋﻴ ﺎً ﻛﻴﻮب " ﻣﻦ ﻧﻮع " ﺳـﺎت ﰲ ﻧﻘﻄـﺔ ﻻﻏـﺮاﻧﺞ أو ﰲ ﻣﺪار ﺷﺒﻪ ﻗﻤـﺮي أ و ﰲ ﻣـﺪارات أﺧﺮى ﻣﺸﱰﻛﺔ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ أن ﺗﻘ ب ﱰ ﺗﻠـﻚ اﻟﺘﻜﻨﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴـﺎ ﻣـﻦ ﻛﻮ ﻛﺒﻨـﺎ ﺑﺼ ــﻮرة دورﻳ ــﺔ وﺳ ــﻴﻜﻮن اﻛﺘﺸـﺎف وﺟﻮدﻫــﺎ أﻣـﺮ اً ﺑـﺎﻟﻎ اﻟﺼﻌﻮﺑﺔ ﺣﺘﻰ ﻟﻮ ﻛﺎن ﺣﺠﻤﻬـﺎ ﻣﻤﺎﺛﻼ ًﻟﻜﻮﻳﻜﺐ ﺻﻐ ﻗﺮﻳﺐ ﻣﻦ اﻷرض ﻓﻤﻦ ا ﺮﺟﺢ أن ﺗﻤﺮ دون ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺔ ﺧﺼﻮﺻـ ﺎً أﻧﻨـﺎ ﻧﻌـﺮف أﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ 40 أﻟﻒ ﺟﺮم ﻣﻦ ﻫـﺬه اﻟﻔﺌــﺔ ﺑﻴﻨﻤــﺎ ﺗﺸــ اﻟﻨﻤــﺎذج ـــــــــــــــــــــــــــ ﺻﻮرة ـﺎﻣ ا اﻟﺘﻘﻄﺘﻬـﺎ ا ﻟﻤﺴــــــ ﺎراﻟﻤــــــﺪاري ﻟﻮﻧــــــﺎر ر ﻮﻧﺴﺎﻧﺲ ـ اﻟﺘـﺎﺑﻊ اور ﻟ ﻮ ﺎﻟـــــــﺔ ﻧﺎﺳـــــــﺎ ﻣـــــــﻦ ﻋﻠـــــــﻰ ار ﻔـــــﺎع ﻣـــــ ﻨﺨﻔﺾ ﻟﻤﻮﻗــــــﻊ ﻫﺒــــــﻮط اﻟﻤﻬﻤــــــﺔ " أﺑﻮﻟــــــﻮ 12 ." ﺗﻈﻬــــﺮ ﻓـــــﻲ اﻟﺼـــــﻮرة ﻣﺮﺣﻠــــﺔ اﻟﻬﺒــــﻮط اﻟــــ ـ ﺨﺎﺻﺔ ﺎﻟﻤﺮﻛ ﺔ اﻟﻘﻤﺮ ﺔ إﻧ ﺪ " " وﺣﺰﻣـــــــــــﺔ ﺗﺠـــــــــــﺎر ﻋﻠـــــــــــﻮم اﻟﻘﻤـــﺮاﻟــــ ـ أﺑﻮﻟــــﻮ " ﺨﺎﺻﺔ ﺑــــ " ) اﻟﺴــــــــــــــــــــــــ ﺐ ( ـــــــــــــــــــــــــﺔ وﻣﺮﻛ " ﺳــــ ﻓﻴﻮر 3 " إﻟــــﻰﺟﺎﻧــــﺐ ﺗﺮ ﻬــــــــــﺎ اﻟﻤﺴـــــــــﺎرات اﻟــــــــــ اﻟ . ﺮواد ﻳ ﻠﻎ ﻋـﺮض اﻟﺼـﻮرة 257 ﻣـــ اً و ﺸـــ اﻟﺸـــﻤﺎل إﻟﻰ اﻷﻋﻠﻰ . [NASA/ GSFC/Arizona State University]. ﻧﻈﺮة ﻋﺎﻣﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻮﻗﻊ ﻫﺒﻮط اﻟﻤﻬﻤﺔ " أﺑﻮﻟﻮ 17 " ﺑﻮاﺳﻄﺔ ﺎﻣ ا اﻟﻤﺴ ﺎر ﻟﻮﻧﺎر ر ﻮﻧﺴـﺎﻧﺲ ـ اور ـﺔ ﺎﻹﺿـﺎﻓﺔ إﻟـﻰ اﻟﻤﺮﻛ اﻟﻘﻤﺮ ــﺔ " ﺗﺸــﺎﻟﻨﺠﺮ ) " ﻳ ﻠــﻎ أﻗﺼــﻰﻋــﺮض ﻟﻬــﺎ اﻟــ 9,4 ( ﻣــ ﺗﻈﻬــﺮﻣﻌــﺪات ﺗﺠــﺎر اﻟﺴــﻄﺢ اﻟﻘﻤــﺮي أﻟﺴــ ﺐ ) ( ﻋﻠــﻰ اﻟ ﺴــﺎرﺑ ﻨﻤــﺎ ﻈﻬﺮاﻟﻤﻮﻗﻊ اﻟﻨﻬﺎﺋﻲ ﻟ ـ ﻤﺮﻛ ﺔ اﻟ وﻓﻲ اﻟﺼﻮرة اﻟﻤﺼﻐﺮة اﻟﻤﺮﻛ ﺔ ﺠﻮاﻟﺔ ﻓﻲ أﻗﺼﻰ اﻟ ﻤ " ﺗﺸﺎﻟﻨﺠﺮ " ﻣﻜ ّة ﺛﻼث ﻣﺮات . ﻧﻮﻓﻤﺒﺮ - ﺩﻳﺴﻤﺒﺮ 2 0 2 6