Free Astronomy Magazine November-December 2026 ARABIC VERSION

I ground.Thiscanbeinterpretedprimarilyasanevolutionarycatalystandavisualmetaphorforanadvancedextraterrestrialen- nthebackground,aniconicimagefromthefilm“2001:ASpaceOdyssey,”featuringthemysteriousblackmonolithinthefore- tityguidinghumanity’sspiritualandtechnologicalgrowthatkeyintervals.[Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer,StanleyKubrickProductions] and the Dawn probe achieved 410 m/px on Ceres. In the Jupiter sys- tem, the Galileo probe performed slightly better:20-220m/px onav- erage and 6-9 m/px for very small areasofEuropaandGanymede. Less detail, however, for Titan, mappedbytheCassiniprobewitha resolution of 300-1500 m/px; for other satellites in the Saturn sys- tem, the resolution was 4-9 m/px fortinyareasofmoonsofparticu lar NOVEMBER-DECEMBER2026 وﺣﻘﻖ ﻣﺴﺒﺎر " داون " دﻗﺔ ﺑﻠﻐﺖ ﻧﺤـﻮ 410 أﻣﺘﺎر ﻟﻜﻞ ﺑﻜﺴﻞ ﻋﲆ اﻟﻜﻮﻛ ﺐ اﻟﻘﺰم ﺳ ﻳﺲ . وﰲ ﻧﻈﺎم ا ﺸﱰي ﺣﻘﻖ ا ﺴﺒﺎر ﻏـﺎﻟﻴﻠﻮ أداءً أﻓﻀﻞ ﻗﻠـﻴﻼً إذ ﺗﺮاوﺣـﺖ دﻗـﺔ اﻟﺘﺼـﻮﻳﺮ ﰲ ـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ ا ﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﺑـ 20 و 220 اً ﻣـﱰ ﻟﻜـﻞ ﺑﻜﺴـﻞ ووﺻﻠﺖ ﰲ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺻﻐ اً ة ﺟﺪ ﻣـﻦ ﻳﻮروﺑـﺎ وﻏﺎﻧﻴﻤﻴﺪ إﱃ ﻧﺤﻮ 6–9 أﻣﺘﺎر ﻟﻜﻞ ﺑﻜﺴﻞ أﻣـﺎ ﺗﻴﺘـﺎن ﻓﻘـﺪ ﺟـﺮى رﺳـﻢ ﺧـﺮاﺋﻂ ﺳــﻄﺤﻪ ـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ ﺑﻮاﺳﻄﺔ ﻣﺴﺒﺎر ﻛﺎﺳﻴﻨﻲ ﺑﺪﻗﺔ ﺗﺮاوﺣﺖ ﺑـ 300 و 1500 ﻣﱰ ﻟﻜـﻞ ﺑﻜﺴـﻞ وﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴـﺒﺔ إﱃ اﻷﻗﻤﺎر اﻷﺧﺮى ﰲ ﻧﻈﺎم زﺣﻞ وﺻﻠﺖ اﻟﺪﻗﺔ ﰲ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺻﻐ ة ﺟﺪ اً ﻣﻦ اﻷﻗﻤﺎر ذات اﻻﻫﺘﻤﺎم ـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ ﻈﻬﺮ ـ ﻓﻲ اﻟ ﺔ ﺨﻠﻔ ﺻﻮرة أ ﻘﻮ ﻧ ﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻓ ﻠﻢ " ﻣﻠ ﻤﺔ اﻟﻔﻀﺎء : 2001 " ﻳ ز ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﻘﺪﻣﺔ ﺟﺴﻢ أﺳﻮد ﻏﺎﻣﺾ و ﻤﻜﻦ ﺗﻔﺴ ﻫﺬا اﻟ ـ ﺠﺴﻢ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﻘﺎم اﻷول ﺑﻮﺻﻔﮫ ﻣﺤﻔﺰاً ﺗﻄﻮر ﺎً واﺳﺘﻌﺎرة ﺼﺮ ﺔ ﻟﻜ ﺎن ﻓﻀﺎﺋﻲﻣﺘﻄﻮر ﻌﻤﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻮﺟ ﮫ ﻣﺴﺎر اﻟﺘﻄﻮر اﻟﺘﻜﻨﻮﻟﻮﺟﻲ ﻟﻠ ﺸﺮ ﺔ ﻓﻲﻣﺤﻄﺎت ﻣﻔﺼﻠ ﺔ . [Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, Stanley Kubrick Productions] ﻣﺠﻠﺔ FreeAstronomy ﺎﻟﻌﺮ ﺔ 5 ﻧﻮﻓﻤﺒﺮ - ﺩﻳﺴﻤﺒﺮ 2 0 2 6