Free Astronomy Magazine November-December 2026 ARABIC VERSION

the U.S. National Science Founda- tion’s Very Large Array (VLA), as well as infrared images from the JamesWebbSpaceTelescope(JWST) and ESO’s Very Large Telescope (VLT),whichtracedjetsofmaterial streaming away from the young stars.Together,theseobservations heinsetcircleshowsanALMA0.9mmcontinuumimageofthecentralbinary systemofIRAS07299−1651withthereconstructedorbitaltrajectoriesover- laid.Thered-andblue-shiftedhydrogenrecombinationlineemissiontracesthe rotationoftheionizedcircumstellardisksaroundthetwoformingstars,while thearrowsindicatethedirectionsofthebipolarjets.Background:Mid-infrared imageoftheregionobtainedwithJWST.[NASA,ESA,CSA,STScI,J.DePasquale (STScI), ALMA (ESO/NAOJ/NRAO), Y. Zhang] let the team reconstruct, for the firsttime,thesystem’sfullthree-di- mensional architecture, how the stars orbit each other, how their disks are tilted, and how their jets pointintospace. “Eachtelescopere- vealed a different piece of the puz- zle,” said Rubén Fedriani, a co- author of the study. “The combina- tion of radio and infrared observa- tions provides the most exquisite detail on the formation of this mas- sive protobinary system.” Whattheyfoundsurprisedthem.In- stead of a neat, roughly circular orbit, the stars are following a highly eccentric trajectory, with the preferred orbital solutions lying close to a parabolic path. And rat- herthanbeingaligned,aswouldbe expected if the stars formed from the same disk, their surrounding disks are tilted at a sharp angle to each other and to the orbit itself. “It felt like solving a three-dimen- sionalpuzzle,” saidYaoWang,the study’s first author. “Each new ob- servation added another piece, and eventually the orbit, disks, and jets all came together into a single, co- herent picture.” Thismismatched,chaotic-lookingar- chitecture is hard to explain if the two stars grew up together in the samedisk—inthatscenario,they’d beexpectedtoinheritsimilar,well- alignedspins.Instead,theevidence pointstoadifferentoriginstory:the twostarslikelybeganformingsep- arately,intheirownindividualpock-ets of gas, before a chance close encounter brought them into their present configuration while they were still wrapped in their birth cloud.Inrepresentativeorbitalsolu- tions,thestarspassedclosesttoeach otheronlyabout60yearsbeforethe observations,practicallyaninstant oncosmictimescales.Thecompact disksseentodayappeartohavesur- vivedtheencounter,retainingwell- defined rotational structures. “This study demonstrates that the early lives of stars can be quite chaotic, with a chance encounter leading to this gravitational dance andstellarcoupling,” saidJonathan C. Tan, a co-author of the study. It’sstillnotcertainwhetherthetwo starswillstaygravitationallybound to each other for good — their cur- rentmotionsitsclosetothedividing linebetweenaboundorbitandone thatcouldeventuallyflyapart,and interactions with the surrounding gas may still nudge their fate one way or the other. Future observa- tions will help pin that down. More broadly,thestudyopensanewway ofinvestigatinghowmassivebinary starscometogether.Byapplyingthe same long-term monitoring ap- proachtootheryoungmassivebina- ries,astronomershopetolearnhow often close encounters like this one—rather than shared birth in a singledisk—buildthemassivebinary systemsseenacrossourgalaxy.    T ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﺑﻴﻨﻬﻤﺎ ﻗﺒﻞ ﻧﺤﻮ 60 ﻋﺎﻣ ﺎ ﻓﻘـﻂ ﻣـﻦ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎت اﻟﺮ ﺻﺪ، وﻫﻲ ﻓﱰة ﺗﻜﺎد ﻻ ﺗُﺬﻛﺮ ﻋﲆ ا ﻘﺎﻳﻴﺲ اﻟﺰﻣﻨﻴﺔ اﻟﻜﻮﻧﻴﺔ . وﻳﺒﺪو أن اﻷﻗﺮاص ا ﺪﻣﺠﺔ اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗُﺮﺻﺪ اﻟﻴـﻮم ﻧﺠـﺖ ﻣـﻦ ﺗﻠـﻚ ا ﻮاﺟﻬـﺔ، ﻣـﻊ اﺣﺘﻔﺎﻇ ﻬـﺎ ﺑﺒﻨـﻰ دوراﻧﻴـﺔ واﺿﺤﺔ ا ﻌﺎﻟﻢ . ﻗﺎل ﺟﻮﻧﺎﺛـﺎن ﳼ . ﺗـﺎن أﺣـﺪ ا ﺸـﺎرﻛ ﰲ اﻟﺪراﺳﺔ :» ﺗُﻈﻬﺮ ﻫـﺬه اﻟﺪراﺳـﺔ أن ا ﺮاﺣـﻞ ا ﺒﻜﺮة ﻣﻦ ﺣﻴـﺎة اﻟﻨ ﺠـﻮم ﻳﻤﻜـﻦ أن ﺗﻜـﻮن ﻓﻮﺿﻮﻳﺔ إﱃ ﺣﺪ ﻛﺒ إذ ﻗﺪ ﺗـﺆدي ﻣﻮاﺟﻬـﺔ ﻋﺸﻮاﺋﻴﺔ إﱃ ﻫﺬه اﻟﺮ ﻗﺼﺔ اﻟﺠﺎذﺑﻴﺔ واﻻرﺗﺒﺎط اﻟﻨﺠﻤﻲ « وﻣﻊ ذﻟﻚ ﻻ ﻳﺰال ﻣﻦ ﻏ ا ﺆﻛﺪ ﻣـﺎ إذا ﻛﺎن اﻟﻨﺠﻤﺎن ﺳﻴ ﺒﻘﻴﺎن ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻄ ﺟﺎذﺑﻴًـﺎ إﱃ اﻷﺑﺪ ﻓﺤﺮﻛﺘﻬﻤﺎ اﻟﺤﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺗﻘﻊ ﺑﺎﻟﻘﺮب ﻣـﻦ ا ﻟﺤﺪ اﻟﻔﺎﺻﻞ ﺑ ﻣﺪار ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺟﺎذﺑﻴ ار وﻣﺪ ﺎً ﻗ ﺪ ﻳﺆدي ﰲ اﻟﻨﻬﺎﻳـﺔ إﱃ اﻧﻔﺼـﺎﻟﻬﻤﺎ ﻛﻤـﺎ أن ﺗﻔﺎﻋﻼﺗﻬﻤﺎ ﻣﻊ اﻟﻐـﺎز ا ﺤـﻴﻂ ﻗـﺪ ﺗـﺆﺛﺮ ﰲ ﻣﺼ ﻫﻤﺎ ﺑ ﺪﻓﻌﻬﻤﺎ ﰲ أﺣﺪ اﻻﺗﺠﺎﻫ . ﺳﺘﺴﺎﻋﺪ اﻷرﺻـﺎد ا ﺴـﺘﻘﺒﻠﻴﺔ ﻋـﲆ ﺗ ﺤﺪﻳـﺪ ﻣﺼ اﻟﻨﻈﺎم ﺑﺼﻮرة أﻛﺜﺮ دﻗﺔ وﻋﲆ ﻧﻄـﺎق أوﺳﻊ ﺗﻔﺘﺢ ﻫـﺬه اﻟﺪراﺳـﺔ ﻃﺮﻳﻘـ ﺎً اً ﺟﺪﻳـﺪ ﻟﺪراﺳـﺔ ﻛﻴﻔ ﻴــﺔ ﺗﺸــﻜّﻞ اﻟﻨﺠـﻮم اﻟﺜﻨﺎﺋ ﻴ ـﺔ اﻟﻀﺨﻤﺔ ﻓﻤﻦ ﺧﻼل ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖ أﺳﻠﻮب ا ﺮاﻗﺒـﺔ ﻃﻮﻳﻠﺔ اﻷﻣﺪ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ ﻋﲆ أﻧﻈﻤﺔ ﻧﺠﻤﻴﺔ ﺛﻨﺎﺋ ﻴﺔ ﺿﺨﻤﺔ أﺧﺮى ﰲ ﻣﺮاﺣﻠﻬﺎ ا ﺒﻜﺮة ﻳﺄﻣﻞ ﻋﻠﻤﺎء اﻟﻔﻠــﻚ ﰲ ﻣﻌﺮﻓـﺔ ﻣـﺪى ﺷـﻴﻮع ا ﻮاﺟﻬـﺎت اﻟﻘﺮﻳﺒﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻫـﺬا اﻟﻨـﻮع ﻣﻘﺎرﻧـﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺸـﻜّﻞ ا ﺸﱰك داﺧﻞ ﻗﺮص واﺣﺪ ﰲ ﺑﻨـﺎء اﻷﻧﻈﻤـﺔ اﻟﺜﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ اﻟﻀﺨﻤﺔ ا ﻨﺘﴩة ﰲ . ﻣﺠﺮﺗﻨﺎ ﻧﻮﻓﻤﺒﺮ - ﺩﻳﺴﻤﺒﺮ 2 0 2 6 اﻟﻜﺒـ ة ﺟـﺪ اً اﻟﺘﺎﺑﻌـﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺆﺳﺴـﺔ اﻟﻮ ﻃﻨﻴـﺔ ﻟﻠﻌﻠﻮم ﰲ اﻟﻮﻻﻳﺎت ا ﺘﺤﺪة إﺿـﺎﻓﺔ إﱃ ﺻـﻮر ﺑﺎﻷﺷﻌﺔ ﺗﺤﺖ اﻟﺤﻤ ﺮاء ﻣﻦ ﺗﻠﺴﻜﻮب ﺟﻴﻤﺲ وﻳﺐ اﻟﻔﻀﺎﺋﻲ واﻟﺘﻠﺴﻜﻮب اﻟﻜﺒ ﺟﺪ اً اﻟﺘﺎﺑﻊ ﻟﻠﻤﺮﺻﺪ اﻷوروﺑﻲ اﻟﺠﻨﻮﺑﻲ واﻟﺘﻲ ﻛﺸﻔﺖ ﻋﻦ ﻧﻔﺎﺛﺎت ﻣﻦ ا ﺎدة ﺗﺘﺪﻓﻖ ﺑﻌﻴﺪ اً ﻋـﻦ اﻟﻨﺠﻤـ اﻟﻔﺘﻴ وأﺗﺎﺣﺖ ﻫﺬه ا ﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻷرﺻـﺎد ﻟﻠﻔﺮﻳﻖ إﻋﺎدة ﺑﻨﺎء اﻟﺒﻨﻴﺔ اﻟﻜﺎﻣ ﻠـﺔ ﻟﻠﻨ ﻈـﺎم ﰲ ﺛﻼﺛﺔ أﺑﻌﺎد ﻟﻠﻤﺮة اﻷوﱃ ﺑﻤـﺎ ﰲ ذﻟـﻚ ﻛﻴﻔﻴـﺔ دوران اﻟﻨﺠﻤ ﺣﻮل ﺑﻌﻀﻬﻤﺎ وزواﻳـﺎ ﻣﻴـﻞ اﻷﻗﺮاص ا ﺤﻴﻄﺔ ﺑﻬﻤـﺎ واﻻﺗﺠﺎﻫـﺎت اﻟﺘـﻲ ﺗ ﻨﻄﻠﻖ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ اﻟﻨﻔﺎﺛﺎت إﱃ اﻟﻔﻀﺎء . ﻗ ـﺎل روﺑ ـﻦ ﻓﻴ ـﺪرﻳﺎﻧﻲ أﺣــﺪ ا ﺸـﺎرﻛ ﰲ اﻟﺪراﺳﺔ :» ﻛﺸﻒ ﻛـﻞ ﺗﻠﺴـﻜﻮب ﻋـﻦ ﺟـﺰء ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻣـﻦ اﻟ ﻠﻐـﺰ وﻗـﺪ وﻓّـﺮ اﻟﺠﻤـﻊ ﺑـ اﻷرﺻﺎد اﻟﺮادﻳﻮﻳﺔ واﻷﺷﻌﺔ ﺗﺤﺖ اﻟﺤﻤﺮاء أدق ﺻﻮرة ﺣﺘﻰ اﻵن ﻟﺘﺸﻜّﻞ ﻫﺬا اﻟﻨﻈ ﺎم اﻟﻨﺠﻤﻲ اﻷوﱄ اﻟﺜﻨﺎﺋﻲ اﻟﻀـﺨﻢ « وﻛـﺎن ﻣـﺎ اﻛﺘﺸـﻔﻪ اﻟﻔﺮﻳﻖ ﻣﻔﺎﺟﺌ ﺎً ﻓﺒﺪﻻً ﻣﻦ ﻣﺪار ﻣﻨﺘﻈﻢ ﺷـﺒﻪ داﺋــﺮي ﻳﺘﺤـﺮك اﻟﻨﺠﻤـﺎ ن ﰲ ﻣﺴـﺎر ﺷـﺪﻳﺪ اﻻﻧﺤﺮاف ا ﺪاري ﻣﻊ ﺗﻤﺮﻛﺰ اﻟﺤﻠﻮل ا ﺪارﻳـﺔ ا ﺮﺟﺤﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻘﺮب ﻣﻦ ﻣﺴﺎر ﻗﻄﻊ ﻣﻜﺎﻓﺊ ﻛﻤﺎ أن اﻷﻗــﺮاص ا ﺤﻴﻄــﺔ ﺑــﺎﻟﻨﺠﻤ ﻟﻴﺴــﺖ أن اﻷﻗــﺮا ص ا ﺤﻴﻄــﺔ ﺑــﺎﻟﻨﺠﻤ ﻟﻴﺴــﺖ ﻣﱰاﺻﻔﺔ ﺑﻞ ﺗﻤﻴﻞ ﺑﺰ اوﻳﺔ ﺣﺎدة ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴـﺒﺔ إﱃ ﺑﻌﻀﻬﺎ ﺑﻌﻀـ ﺎً وإﱃ ﻣﺴـﺘﻮى ا ـﺪار ﻧﻔﺴـﻪ ﺧﻼﻓًﺎ ﺎ ﻳُﺘﻮﻗﻊ إذا ﻛﺎن اﻟﻨﺠﻤﺎن ﻗﺪ ﺗﺸـﻜّﻼ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻘﺮص ذاﺗﻪ . ﻗﺎل ﻳﺎو واﻧﻎ ا ﺆﻟﻒ اﻷول ﻟﻠﺪراﺳـﺔ ﻛـﺎن »: ا ﻷﻣﺮ أﺷﺒﻪ ﺑﺤﻞ ﻟﻐﺰ ﺛﻼﺛﻲ اﻷﺑﻌﺎد ﻓﻘﺪ أﺿﺎف ﻛﻞ رﺻﺪ ﺟﺪﻳـﺪ ﻗﻄﻌـﺔ أﺧـﺮى وﰲ اﻟﻨﻬﺎﻳـﺔ اﺟﺘﻤﻌ ـﺖ ا ــﺪارات واﻷﻗ ـﺮاص واﻟﻨﻔ ﺎﺛــﺎت ﻟﺘﺸﻜّﻞ ﺻﻮرة واﺣﺪة ﻣﺘﻤﺎﺳـﻜﺔ « وﻳﺼـﻌﺐ ﺗﻔﺴ ﻫﺬه اﻟﺒﻨﻴﺔ ﻏ ا ﺘﻨﺎﻇﺮة اﻟﺘـﻲ ﺗﺒـﺪو ﻓﻮﺿﻮﻳﺔ إذا ﻛﺎن اﻟﻨﺠﻤﺎن ﻗﺪ ﻧﺸﺂ ﻣﻌ ﺎً داﺧﻞ اﻟﻘﺮص ﻧﻔﺴﻪ . ﻓﻔﻲ ﻫ ﺬه اﻟﺤﺎﻟـﺔ ﻛـﺎن ﻣـﻦ ا ﺘﻮﻗﻊ أن ﻳﺮﺛﺎ اﺗﺠ ﺎﻫـﺎت دوران ﻣﺘﺸـﺎ ﺑﻬﺔ وﻣﱰاﺻﻔﺔ ﺟﻴﺪ اً ﻟﻜﻦ اﻷدﻟﺔ ﺗﺸ ﺑـ ﺪﻻً ﻣـﻦ ذﻟﻚ إﱃ ﻗﺼـﺔ ﻧﺸـﺄة ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔـﺔ إذ ﻳـ ﺮﺟﺢ أن اﻟ ﻨﺠﻤ ﺑﺪآ ﺗﺸﻜّﻠﻬﻤﺎ ﺑﺼﻮرة ﻣﺴـﺘﻘﻠﺔ ﻛـﻞ ﻣ ﻨﻬﻤﺎ داﺧﻞ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﻣﻨﻔﺼﻠﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻐﺎز ﻗﺒﻞ أن ﺗﺆدي ﻣﻮاﺟﻬﺔ ﻗﺮﻳﺒﺔ وﻋﺸﻮاﺋﻴﺔ ﺑﻴﻨﻬﻤﺎ إﱃ وﺿﻌﻬﻤ ﺎ اﻟﺤﺎﱄ ﺑﻴﻨﻤﺎ ﻛﺎﻧﺎ ﻻ ﻳﺰاﻻن ﻣﺤﺎﻃ ﺑﺴﺤﺎﺑﺔ ا ﻴﻼد اﻟﺘﻲ ﻧﺸـﺂ ﻓﻴﻬـﺎ وﰲ اﻟﺤﻠـﻮل ا ﺪارﻳﺔ اﻟﻨﻤﻮذﺟﻴـﺔ، ﻣـﺮّ اﻟﻨﺠﻤـﺎن ﺑـﺄﻗﺮب ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﺑﻴﻨﻬﻤﺎ ﻗﺒﻞ ﻧﺤﻮ ٦٠ ﻋﺎﻣًﺎ ﻓﻘـﻂ ﻣـﻦ ﺗﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺪاﺋﺮة اﻟﻤﺪرﺟﺔ ﺻﻮرة اﻟﺘﻘﻄﻬﺎ ﻣﺮﺻﺪ أﻟﻤﺎ " " ﻋﻨﺪ ﻃـﻮل ﻣـﻮﺟﻲ ﻗـﺪرﻩ 0. ﻟ) ﻣﻠـﻢ ﻼﻧ ﻌـﺎث اﻟﻤﺴـﺘﻤﺮ ( ﻟﻠﻨﻈﺎم اﻟﺜﻨﺎﺋﻲ اﻟﻤﺮﻛﺰي ﻓﻲ اﻟ ـ ﺠﺮم IRAS 07299−1651 ﻣـﻊ ﺗﺮاﻛـﺐ اﻟﻤﺴـﺎرات اﻟﻤﺪار ـﺔ اﻟﻤﻌـﺎد ﻨﺎؤﻫـﺎ وﺗﺒـ ــــﺪروﺟ اﻧ ﻌﺎﺛـــﺎتﺧــــﻂ إﻋــــﺎدة اﺗﺤـــﺎد اﻟﻬ - اﻟﻤﺰاﺣــــﺔ ﻧﺤــــﻮ اﻷ ﻤـــﺮواﻷزرق - دوران اﻷﻗــــﺮاصاﻟﻤﺘﺄ ﻨــــﺔ اﻟﻤﺤ ﻄــــﺔ ﺗﺸـ اﻷﺳـﻬﻢ إﻟـﻰ اﺗﺠﺎ ﻗ ﺪ اﻟﺘﺸ ﻞ ﻓـﻲﺣـ ﺎﻟﻨ ﻤ ـﺔ اﻟﻘﻄـﺐ ﻫـﺎت اﻟﺘـﺪﻓﻘﺎت اﻟﻨﻔﺎﺛـﺔ ﺛﻨﺎﺋ ـ اﻟـ . : ﺨﻠﻔ ﺔ ﺻـﻮرة ﻟﻠﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻧﻄﺎق اﻷﺷﻌﺔ ﺗﺤﺖ اﻟ ـ ﻤﺮاء اﻟﻤﺘﻮﺳﻄﺔ اﻟﺘﻘﻄﻬﺎ ﺗﻠﺴ ﻮبﺟ ﻤﺲو ﺐ اﻟﻔﻀﺎﺋﻲ . [NASA, ESA, CSA, STScI, J. DePasqu le (STScI), ALMA (ESO/NAOJ/NRAO), Y. Zhang]