Free Astronomy Magazine November-December 2026 ARABIC VERSION

sky. The DESI Imaging Legacy Sur- veysarejustonestepinthisvenera-ble human tradition,” says Arjun Dey, co-lead of the Legacy Surveys and an astronomer at NSF NOIRLab. “For our team, these data are fun- damentaltotheinvestigationofthe expansion history of the Universe andtheformationofourgalaxy.But the skies belong to everyone, and this survey gives everyone the chance to marvel at their wonders.” The DESI Legacy Imaging Surveys were originally conducted to pre-pare for the Dark Energy Spectro-scopic Instrument (DESI) survey. The Legacy Surveys’ 2D map is essen-tially a deep photograph of the sky; it records where galaxies and stars appear and how bright they appear. This crucial step enables DESI to se- lect objects and measure their light in different wavelengths to deter- minetheirdistances,buildingthe groupo…. the……………. Copeland Septet, in the constellation of Leo. Astronomers usingimagesfromKittPeakNational Observatory and Cerro Tololo Inter- American Observatory have created the largest ever map of the sky, comprising over a billion galaxies. Thefinaldatareleasefromtheam- bitious DESI Legacy Imaging Surveys setsthestageforaground-breaking 5- yearsurveywithstheDarkEnergy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI), which aims to provide new insights intothenatureofdarkenergy.[DESI Legacy Imaging Surveys/LBNL/DOE & KPNO/CTIO/NOIRLab/NSF/AURA] largesthigh-resolution3Dmapever made. Scientists use this map to study the way galaxies have clus- tered at different ages of the Uni- verse to track dark energy over time.InApril2026,DESIcompleted itsoriginalfive-yearsurveyaheadof schedule and with vastly more ob- jects than expected. The early re- sults have shown surprising hints that dark energy’s impact may be weakening over time — a paradigm shift that could potentially shape thepredictedfateofourUniverse. DESI expects to publish improved re- sultsusingitsfirstfiveyearsofdata in 2027 and is continuing observa- tions into 2028. BeyondsupportingDESI,theLegacy Surveys will be a foundational ref- erence for the next generation of telescopes. As new observatories like NSF–DOE Vera C. Rubin Obser- vatory, jointly funded by the NSF and DOE’s Office of Science (DOE/ SC),andNASA’sNancyGraceRoman Space Telescope come online, re- searcherscancomparetheirobser- vationswithoneofthedeepestand most comprehensive views of the skyeverassembled.    NOVEMBER-DECEMBER2026 وﻳﻀﻴﻒ :» ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ إﱃ ﻓﺮﻳﻘﻨـﺎ ﺗﺸـﻜﻞ ﻫـﺬه اﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎت أﺳﺎﺳ ﺎً ﻟﺪراﺳﺔ ﺗﺎرﻳﺦ ﺗﻤـﺪد اﻟﻜـﻮن وﺗﻜﻮّ ن ﻣﺠﺮﺗﻨﺎ ﻟﻜﻦ اﻟﺴـﻤﺎء ﻣﻠـﻚ ﻟﻠﺠﻤﻴـﻊ وﻳﻤﻨﺢ ﻫﺬا ا ﺴﺢ اﻟﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﻓﺮﺻـﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﺄﻣـﻞ ﰲ « ﻋﺠﺎﺋﺒﻬـﺎ وﻗـﺪ أُﺟﺮﻳـﺖ ﻣﺴـﻮﺣﺎت DESI اﻟﺘﺼﻮﻳﺮﻳﺔ اﻷرﺷـﻴﻔﻴﺔ ﰲ اﻷﺻـﻞ اﺳـﺘﻌﺪاد اً ﺴﺢ أداة اﻟﺘﺤﻠﻴﻞ اﻟﻄﻴﻔﻲ ﻟﻠﻄﺎﻗـﺔ ا ﻈﻠﻤـﺔ ) DESI ( ﻌـوﺗ ﺪ ﺧﺮﻳﻄـﺔ ا ﺴـﻮﺣﺎت ﺛﻨﺎﺋﻴـﺔ اﻷﺑﻌﺎد ﰲ ﺟﻮﻫﺮﻫﺎ ﺻـﻮرة ﻋﻤﻴﻘـﺔ ﻟﻠﺴـﻤﺎء ﻓﻬﻲ ﺗﺴﺠﻞ ﻣﻮاﻗﻊ ﻇ ﻬﻮر ا ﺠﺮات واﻟﻨﺠـﻮم وﻣ ـﺪى ﺳ ـﻄﻮﻋﻬﺎ وﺗﺘ ـﻴﺢ ﻫ ـﺬه اﻟﺨﻄــﻮة اﻷﺳﺎﺳﻴﺔ ﻷداة DESI اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻷﺟﺮام وﻗﻴﺎس ﺿﻮﺋﻬﺎ ﻋﻨﺪ أﻃﻮ ال ﻣﻮﺟﻴﺔ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔـﺔ ﻟﺘﺤﺪﻳـﺪ ﻣﺴﺎﻓﺎﺗﻬﺎ وﺑﻨﺎء أﻛﱪ ﺧﺮﻳﻄﺔ ﺛﻼﺛﻴﺔ اﻷﺑﻌـﺎ د ﻋﺎﻟﻴﺔ اﻟﺪﻗﺔ ﻟﻠﻜﻮن ﻋﲆ اﻹﻃـﻼق وﻳﺴـﺘﺨﺪم اﻟﻌﻠﻤﺎء ﻫﺬه اﻟﺨﺮﻳﻄﺔ ﻟﺪراﺳﺔ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺔ ﺗﺠﻤـﻊ ا ﺠﺮا ت ﰲ ﻋﺼﻮر ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺗﺎرﻳﺦ اﻟﻜـﻮن وﺗﺘﺒﻊ ﺗﺄﺛ اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ ا ﻈﻠﻤﺔ ﻣﻊ ﻣﺮور اﻟﺰﻣﻦ . وﰲ أﺑﺮﻳﻞ 2026 أﻛﻤﻠـﺖ أداة DESI ﺤﻬﺎ ﻣﺴـ اﻷﺻﲇ اﻟﺬي اﺳﺘﻤﺮ ﺧﻤﺲﺳﻨﻮات ﻗﺒﻞ ا ﻮﻋﺪ ا ﺤﺪد، وﺑﻌﺪد أﺟﺮام ﺗﺠﺎوز ﺑﻜﺜ اﻟﺘﻮﻗﻌﺎت . ا ﺤﺪد وﺑﻌﺪد أﺟﺮام ﺗﺠﺎوز ﺑﻜﺜ اﻟﺘﻮﻗﻌـﺎت . وأﻇﻬﺮت اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ اﻷوﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﺆﴍات ﻣﻔﺎﺟﺌﺔ إﱃ أن ﺗﺄﺛ اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ ا ﻈﻠ ﻤﺔ ﻗﺪ ﻳﻜﻮن ﻳﱰاﺟﻊ ﻣ ﻊ ﻣﺮور اﻟﺰﻣﻦ وﻫﻮ ﺗﺤﻮل ﻣﺤﺘﻤﻞ ﰲ اﻟﻨﻤـﻮذج اﻟﺴﺎﺋﺪ ﻗﺪ ﻳـﺆﺛﺮ ﺑﺼـﻮرة ﻛﺒـ ة ﰲ ﺗﻮﻗﻌـﺎت ا ﺼ اﻟﻨﻬﺎﺋﻲ ﻟﻠﻜﻮن وﻣﻦ ا ﺘﻮﻗﻊ أن ﺗ ﻨﴩ ـ DESI ﻧﺘـﺎﺋﺞ ﻣﺤﺴـﻨﺔ اﺳـﺘﻨﺎد اً إﱃ ﺑﻴﺎﻧـﺎت اﻟﺴﻨﻮات اﻟﺨﻤـﺲ اﻷوﱃ ﰲ ﻋـﺎم 2027 ﻣـﻊ اﺳﺘﻤﺮا ر ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎت اﻟﺮﺻـﺪ ﺣﺘـﻰ ﻋـﺎم 2028 وﺑﺎﻹﺿﺎﻓﺔ إﱃ دﻋﻢ ﻣ ـ ﴩوع DESI ﺳﺘﺸﻜﻞ ﻫﺬه ا ﺴﻮﺣﺎت ﻣﺮﺟﻌ ﺎً أﺳﺎﺳ ﻴﺎً ﻟﻠﺠﻴﻞ اﻟﻘﺎدم ﻣﻦ اﻟﺘﻠﺴﻜﻮﺑﺎت . وﺳﺘﺘﻴﺢ ﻫﺬه اﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎت أﻳﻀ ﺎً إﻧﺸــﺎء ﻣﺮﺟــﻊ ﻣﻮﺣــﺪ ﻘﺎرﻧــﺔ اﻷرﺻــﺎد ا ﺴــﺘﻘﺒﻠﻴﺔ ورﺻــﺪ ا ﻟﺘﻐــ ات ﰲ اﻷﺟــﺮام اﻟﺴﻤﺎوﻳﺔ واﻛﺘﺸﺎف أﺟﺴﺎم وﻇﻮاﻫﺮ ﻟﻢ ﺗﻜﻦ ﻣﻌﺮوﻓ ﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ . ﻛﻤﺎ ﺳﺘﺴﺎﻋﺪ ﻋﲆ ﺗﺤﺴـ ﻓﻬـ ﻢ ﺗﻮزﻳـﻊ ا ﺠـﺮات وﺑﻨﻴﺘﻬـﺎ وﺗﻄﻮرﻫـﺎ ودراﺳﺔ اﻟﺒﻴﺌﺎت اﻟﻜﻮﻧﻴﺔ اﻟﺒﻌﻴﺪة . وﻣﻊ ﺑﺪء ﻣﺮاﺻﺪ ﺟ ﺪﻳﺪة اﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﻣﺜـﻞ ﻣﺮﺻـﺪ ﻓ ا ﳼ . روﺑﻦ اﻟﻮﻃﻨﻲ اﻟﺘﺎﺑﻊ ﺆﺳﺴﺔ اﻟﻌﻠﻮم اﻟﻮﻃﻨﻴﺔ ووزارة اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻷﻣﺮﻳﻜﻴﺔ اﻟ ﺬي ﺗﻤﻮﻟﻪ ا ﺆﺳﺴـﺘﺎن ﺑﺼــﻮرة ﻣﺸـﱰﻛﺔ وﺗﻠﺴـﻜﻮب ﻏﴘ ـﻧﺎﻧ ﺮﻳﺲ روﻣﺎن اﻟﻔﻀﺎﺋﻲ اﻟﺘﺎﺑﻊ ﻟﻨﺎﺳﺎ ﺳﻴﺘﻤﻜﻦ اﻟﺒﺎﺣﺜﻮن ﻣﻦ ﻣﻘﺎرﻧﺔ أرﺻﺎدﻫﻢ ﻣﻊ واﺣﺪة ﻣﻦ أﻋﻤﻖ وأﺷﻤﻞ ﺻﻮر اﻟﺴﻤﺎء اﻟﺘـﻲ ﺟﺮى ﺗﺠﻤﻴﻌﻬﺎ ﻋﲆ اﻹﻃﻼق . ﻣ ﻤﻮﻋـــــــــﺔ ﻣـــــــــﻦ اﻟﻤﺠـــــــــﺮات ﺗُﻌـــــــــﺮف ﺎﺳــــــــــﻢ " ﺳ ﺎﻋ ﺔ ﻮ ﻼﻧﺪ " وﺗﻘﻊ ﻓﻲ ﻮﻛ ﺔ اﻷﺳﺪ . وﻗـﺪ أﻋـــﺪّ ﻋﻠﻤـــﺎء اﻟﻔﻠـــﻚ - ﺎﺳـــﺘﺨﺪامﺻـــﻮر ﻣـــﻦ ﻣﺮﺻـــﺪ " ـــــﻚ ـــــﺖ ﺑ ﻛ اﻟـــــﻮﻃ " وﻣﺮﺻـــــﺪ " ﺳـــــ و ﺗﻮﻟﻮﻟـــــﻮ " اﻷﻣﺮ ﻜﻲ اﻟﻤﺸ ك - أﻛ ﺧﺮﻄﺔ ﻟﻠﺴـﻤﺎء ﻋﻠـﻰ اﻹﻃﻼق ﺣ ﺚ ﺗﻀﻢ أﻛ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻠ ﺎرﻣﺠـﺮة وﺗﻤﻬّـﺪ ــــﺔ ﻣــــﻦ اﻟﺒ ﺎﻧـــﺎت اﻟﻤﺴــــﺘﻤﺪة ﻣــــﻦ اﻟﺪﻓﻌـــﺔ اﻟﻨﻬﺎﺋ ﻣﺴـﻮﺣﺎت اﻟﺘﺼـﻮﻳﺮ اﻷرﺷـ ﻔﻲ اﻟﻄﻤـﻮح اﻟﻄﺮ ـﻖَ ﻟﻤﺴـــــﺢٍ ﻤﺘـــــﺪ ﻟـــــ ـ ﻤﺲﺳـــــﻨﻮات ﺎﺳـــــﺘﺨﺪام أداة " ﻗ ﺎس اﻟﻄ ﻒ ﻟﻠﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻤﻈﻠﻤﺔ ) " DESI و( اﻟ ــــﺪة ﺣــــﻮل ﻃﺒ ﻌــــﺔ ﺗﻬــــﺪف إﻟــــﻰ ﺗﻘــــﺪ ﻢ رؤىﺟﺪ اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻤﻈﻠﻤﺔ . [DESI Legacy Imaging Surveys/LBNL/DOE & KPNO/CTIO/NOIRLab/NSF/AURA] ﻧﻮﻓﻤﺒﺮ - ﺩﻳﺴﻤﺒﺮ 2 0 2 6