Free Astronomy Magazine November-December 2026 ARABIC VERSION

ogy should be here inten- tionally and be active right in our time. A more reasonable, albeit remote, possibility seems that somewhere on a rockyor icy body in the Solar Sys-tem there are the inactive remains of an extraterres- trial technology, crashed, landed, or otherwise aban- doned there for who knows how long. As one mighteasily imagine, the surfaces best suited to preserving alien remains for billions of years are those of bodies devoid of atmospheres, ge-ological processes, or any otherphenomenacapableof periodically reshaping surface environments. A promising candidate couldbeCallisto,Jupiter’sseco nd-largest moon. As large as Mercury, it possesses the oldest and most unaltered surface in the Solar System; its icy, rocky crust is esti- mated to have been free of significant tectonic or vol- canicactivityforapproxi- mately 4 billion years. Vesta and other asteroids also exhibit surfaces unchanged for billions of years, as well as the burning Mercury and the Moon, at least partially. Our natural satellite itself could be the ideal target for searching for alien technosignatures: it’s nearby, has no atmosphere (only a thin ex- osphere), is geologically almost completely inactive, and the only phenomenon capable of altering its surface—meteorological impacts— hasn’t been intense enough to dras- tically degrade its surface structures in the last tens of millions of years. Even considering the near-constant rain of micrometeorites and solar radiation,tensofthousandsof yearswouldhavetopassbeforethe footprints of the Apollo astronauts could be erased. To make alien technologyaslargeastheLunarEx- cursion Module’s ascent stage (less than 5 meters wide and weighing just over 2 tons) unrecognizable, several tens of millions of years would be needed, unless it were firststruckbyalargemeteoroid,a highly unlikely scenario. The Moon is therefore the ideal starting point for searching for evi- dence of another technological civ- ilization. The task may seem rela- tively easy, since NASA’s Lunar Re- connaissance Orbiter (LRO), in lunar orbit since 2009 and still fully oper- ational, can image the lunar surface with a maximum resolution of 0.5 m/px.Unfortunately,thatlimithas been exploited only to image the Apollo landing sites, ro- botic survey vehicles, and areas of interest for future ex- ploration. Over 98% of the lunarsurfacehasbeenimaged with a resolution of just 100 m/px. To reliably distinguish anobjectwitharesolutionof 100m/px,itmusthaveanex- tension of at least 400 or 500 meters (about 4-5 pixels on a side). According to visual in- terpretationcriteria,anobject requiresatleast2pixelstobe detected,but4to6pixelsare neededforcertainidentifica- tion. Therefore, the more than 20millionimagestakensofar by LRO, most of which have yet to be examined, are un- likelytorevealnon-terrestrial artifacts, unless they are the size of the USS Enterprise-D from StarTrek:TheNextGen- eration . Less pessimistic might be the searchforalientechnologyin the vast database of images produced by NASA’s Mars Re- connaissance Orbiter (MRO), whichimagedapproximately 2% of the red planet’s surface with the HiRISE Camera at the maximum resolutionof0.3m/px,whilethere- maining approximately 98% (from 88°N to 88°S) was imaged by the ContextCameraataresolutionof approximately 0.6 m/px. However, the Martian environment is much moredynamicthanthelunarone, and any small extraterrestrial arti- factscouldbeburiedorerodedby atmospheric agents over a variable period of time. Allthingsconsidered,Lazio’sprovoc- ativehypothesisisunlikelytobere- futed until all the solid surfaces of theSolarSystemhavebeenimaged indetailandcarefullyexamined,an undertaking that could take many decadesorevencenturies.     NOVEMBER-DECEMBER2026 ﺟﻠﻴﺪي ﰲ اﻟﻨﻈﺎم اﻟﺸﻤﴘ ﺑﻘﺎﻳـﺎ ﻏـ ﻧﺸ ـﻄﺔ ﻟﺘﻜﻨﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴ ـﺎ ﻓﻀ ـﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﻏــ أرﺿﻴﺔ، رﺑﻤﺎ ﺗﺤﻄﻤـ ﺖ أو ﻫﺒﻄـﺖ أو ﺗُﺮﻛﺖ ﻫﻨﺎك ﻷي ﺳـﺒﺐ وﻣﻨـﺬ ﻣـﺪة ﻻ ﻧﻌﺮﻓﻬــﺎ وﻛﻤــﺎ ﻳﻤﻜـﻦ ﺗﻮﻗﻌـﻪ ﻓـﺈن اﻷﺳﻄﺢ اﻷﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻼءﻣﺔ ﻟﻠﺤﻔـﺎظ ﻋـﲆ ﺑﻘﺎﻳﺎ ﺗﻜﻨﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺔ ﻟﺰﻣﻦ ﻳﻤﺘﺪ ﻣﻠﻴـﺎرات اﻟﺴﻨ ﻫﻲ أﺳﻄﺢ اﻷﺟﺮام اﻟﺨﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻐــﻼف اﻟﺠــﻮي وﻣــ ﻦ اﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴــﺎت اﻟﺠﻴﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺔ أو ﻣﻦ أي ﻇﻮاﻫﺮ أﺧـﺮى ﻗــﺎدرة ﻋـﲆ إﻋــﺎدة ﺗ ﺸـﻜﻴﻞ ﺑﻴﺌﺘﻬ ـﺎ اﻟﺴﻄﺤﻴﺔ ﺑﺼﻮرة دورﻳﺔ وﻗـﺪ ﻳﻜـﻮن ﻛﺎﻟﻴﺴﺘﻮ ﺛﺎﻧﻲ أﻛـﱪ أﻗﻤـﺎر ا ﺸـﱰي ﺎً ﻣﺮﺷﺤ ﻓﻬـ اً واﻋـﺪ ﻮ ﺑﺤﺠـﻢ ﻋﻄـﺎرد ﺎً ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺒ وﻳﻤﺘﻠـﻚ أﻗـﺪم ﺳـﻄﺢ وأﻗﻠﻬـﺎ ﺗﻌﺮﺿًﺎ ﻟﻠﺘﻐـ ﰲ اﻟﻨﻈـﺎم اﻟﺸـ ﻤﴘ ـ وﻳ ﻘﺪّر أن ﻗﴩﺗﻪ اﻟﺠﻠﻴﺪﻳﺔ واﻟﺼﺨﺮﻳ ﺔ ﻇﻠﺖ ﺧﺎﻟﻴـﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﻧﺸـﺎط ﺗﻜﺘـﻮﻧﻲ أو ﺑﺮﻛﺎﻧﻲ ﻛﺒ ﻟﻨﺤـﻮ 4 ﻣﻠﻴـﺎرات ﺳـﻨﺔ ﻛﻤ ﺎ ﺗﻈﻬﺮ ﻓﻴﺴﺘﺎ وﻛﻮﻳﻜﺒـﺎت أﺧـﺮى أﺳﻄﺤ ﺎ ﻇﻠﺖ دون ﺗﻐ ﻳُﺬﻛﺮ ﻠﻴﺎرات اﻟﺴﻨ وﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﻋﻄﺎرد اﻟﺤـﺎر واﻟﻘﻤـﺮ وﻟﻮ ﺑﺼﻮرة ﺟﺰﺋﻴﺔ وﻗـﺪ ﻳﻜـﻮن ﻗﻤـﺮ اﻷرض ﻧﻔﺴﻪ اﻟﻬﺪف ا ﺜﺎﱄ ﻟﻠ ﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ اﻟﺒﺼـﻤﺎت اﻟﺘﻘﻨﻴ ـﺔ اﻟﻔﻀـﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﻓﻬـﻮ ﻗﺮﻳـﺐ ﻣﻨـ ﺎ وﻻ ﻳﻤﺘﻠـﻚ ﻏﻼﻓـﺎً ﺟﻮﻳـﺎً ﺣﻘﻴﻘﻴﺎً وإﻧﻤﺎ إﻛﺴﻮﺳﻔ رﻗﻴﻖ ﺟـﺪ اً ﻛﻤﺎ أﻧﻪ ﺧﺎﻣﻞ ﺟﻴﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺎً إﱃ ﺣﺪ ﻛﺒـ . ﺠﻠﺔ ﻣ FreeAstronomy ﺎﻟﻌﺮ ﺔ 12 ــﺎ أﻧـﻪ ﺧﺎﻣــﻞ ﺟﻴﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴــ ﺎً إﱃ ﺣـﺪ ﻛﺒ ـ واﻟﻈــﺎﻫﺮة اﻟﻮﺣﻴــﺪة اﻟﻘ ـﺎدرة ﻋــﲆ ﺗﻐﻴ ـ ـ ﺳﻄﺤ ﻪ وﻫﻲ اﺻﻄﺪاﻣﺎت اﻟﻨﻴﺎزك ﻟـﻢ ﺗﻜـﻦ ﻗﻮﻳﺔ ﺑﻤﺎ ﻳﻜﻔﻲ ﺧﻼل ﻋﴩـات ا ﻼﻳـ ﻣـﻦ اﻟﺴـﻨ ا ﺎﺿـﻴﺔ ﺤـﻮ ﺑﻨﻴ ﺎ ﺗ ـﻪ اﻟﺴـﻄﺤﻴﺔ ﺑﺼﻮرة ﺟﺬرﻳﺔ وﺣﺘﻰ ﻣﻊ اﻷﺧـﺬ ﰲ اﻻﻋﺘﺒـﺎر اﻟﻘﺼــﻒ ﺷــﺒﻪ ا ﺴــﺘﻤ ﺮ ﺑﺎ ﻴﻜﺮوﻧﻴــﺎزك واﻹﺷﻌﺎع اﻟﺸﻤ ﴘـ ﻓـﺈن اﻷﻣـﺮ ﺳﻴﺴـﺘﻐﺮق ﻋﴩات اﻵﻻف ﻣﻦ اﻟﺴـﻨ ﻗﺒـﻞ أن ﺗﺨﺘﻔـﻲ آﺛﺎر أﻗﺪام رواد أﺑﻮﻟـﻮ » « ﻣـﻦ ﺳـﻄﺢ اﻟﻘﻤـﺮ وﻟﻜﻲ ﺗﺼﺒﺢ ﺗﻜﻨﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺎ ﻓﻀﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﻏ أرﺿﻴﺔ ﺑﺤﺠﻢ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﺔ اﻟﺼﻌﻮد ﻣﻦ ا ﺮﻛﺒـﺔ اﻟﻘﻤﺮﻳـﺔ اﻟﺘﻲ ﻳﻘﻞ ﻋﺮﺿﻬﺎ ﻋﻦ 5 أﻣﺘﺎر وﻳﺰﻳـﺪ وزﻧﻬـﺎ ﻗﻠﻴﻼً ﻋﲆ ﻃﻨ ﻏ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﻌﺮف ﻓﺴـﻴﻜﻮن ﻣﻦ اﻟﴬوري ﻣﺮور ﻋـ ـ ﴩات ا ﻼﻳـ ﻣـﻦ اﻟﺴﻨ ﻣﺎ ﻟ ﻢ ﺗﺘﻌـﺮض أوﻻً ﻻﺻـﻄﺪام ﻧﻴـﺰك ﻛﺒ وﻫﻮ ﺳﻴﻨﺎرﻳﻮ ﻏ ﻣﺮﺟﺢ ﻟﻠﻐﺎﻳـﺔ ﻟـﺬﻟﻚ ﻳﺒﺪو اﻟﻘﻤﺮ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ اﻧﻄﻼق ﻣﺜﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺒﺤﺚ ﻋـﻦ ﻳﺒﺪو اﻟﻘﻤﺮ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ اﻧﻄﻼق ﻣﺜﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺒﺤﺚ ﻋـﻦ أدﻟﺔ ﻋﲆ وﺟﻮد ﺣﻀﺎرة ﺗﻘﻨﻴـﺔ أﺧـﺮى وﻗـﺪ ﺗﺒﺪو ا ﻬﻤﺔ ﺳﻬﻠﺔ ﻧﺴﺒﻴ ﺎً إذ إن ﻣﺴﺒﺎر ﻧﺎﺳـﺎ ﻟ" ﻮﻧﺎر رﻳﻜﻮﻧﻴﺴﺎﻧﺲ أورﺑﻴـﱰ " ﻳـﺪور ﺣـﻮل اﻟﻘﻤﺮ ﻣﻨﺬ ﻋﺎم 2009 وﻻ ﻳﺰال ﻳﻌﻤﻞ ﺑﻜﺎﻣـﻞ ﺎﻗﺘﻪﻃ وﻳﻤﻜﻨﻪ ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮ ﺳﻄﺢ اﻟﻘﻤـﺮ ﺑﺪﻗـﺔ ﻗﺼﻮى ﺗﺒﻠﻎ 0.5 ﻣﱰ ﻟﻜﻞ ﺑﻜﺴﻞ ﻟﻜـﻦ ﻫـﺬه اﻟﺪﻗﺔ اﻟﻘﺼﻮى اﺳـﺘُﺨﺪﻣﺖ ﻓﻘـﻂ ﻟﺘﺼـﻮﻳﺮ ﻣﻮاﻗﻊ ﻫﺒﻮط أﺑﻮﻟﻮ » « وا ﺮﻛﺒﺎت اﻻﺳﺘﻄﻼﻋﻴﺔ اﻵﻟﻴﺔ وا ﻨـﺎﻃﻖ ذات اﻷﻫﻤﻴـﺔ ﻟﻼﺳﺘﻜﺸـﺎف ا ﺴﺘﻘﺒﲇ . أﻣﺎ أﻛﺜـﺮ ﻣـﻦ 98 % ﻣـﻦ ﺳـﻄﺢ اﻟﻘﻤﺮ ﻓﻘﺪ ﺟﺮى ﺗﺼـﻮﻳﺮه ﺑﺪﻗـﺔ ﻻ ﺗﺘﺠـﺎوز 100 ﻣﱰ ﻟﻜﻞ ﺑﻜﺴـﻞ وﻟﻜـﻲ ﻳﻤﻜـﻦ ﺗﻤﻴﻴـﺰ ﺟﺴﻢ ﺑﺼﻮرة ﻣﻮﺛﻮﻗﺔ ﻋﻨﺪ دﻗﺔ 100 ﻣﱰ ﻟﻜﻞ ﺑﻜﺴﻞ ﻳﺠﺐ أن ﻳﻤﺘﺪ ﻋﲆ ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ ﻻ ﺗﻘﻞ ﻋﻦ 400 أو 500 ﻣﱰ أي ﻧﺤﻮ 4–5 ﺑﻜﺴﻼت ﻋـﲆ ﺎﻧﺐ ﻛﻞ ﺟ ووﻓﻖ ﻣﻌﺎﻳ اﻟﺘﻔﺴـ اﻟـ ﺒﴫي ـ ـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ ﻴ ــــــ ﻳﺤﺘﺎج اﻟﺠﺴﻢ إﱃ ﺑﻜﺴﻠ ﻋﲆ اﻷﻗﻞ ﺣﺘﻰ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ رﺻﺪه، ﺑﻴﻨﻤـﺎ ﻳﺘﻄﻠـﺐ ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﻫﻮﻳﺘﻪ ﺑﺼﻮرة ﻣﺆﻛﺪة ﺑ 4 و 6 ﺑﻜﺴﻼت وﻟﻬﺬا ﻓﺈن أﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ 20 ﻣﻠﻴـﻮن ﺻـﻮرة اﻟﺘﻘﻄﻬـﺎ ﻣﺴـﺒﺎر ﻟ" ﻮﻧﺎر رﻳﻜﻮﻧﻴﺴﺎﻧﺲ أورﺑﻴﱰ ﺣﺘﻰ " اﻵن واﻟﺘﻲ ﻟﻢ ﻳﻔﺤﺺ ﻣﻌﻈﻤﻬﺎ ﺑﻌﺪ ﻣﻦ ﻏـ ا ـﺮﺟﺢ أن ﺗﻜﺸـﻒ ﻋـﻦ ﻣﺼﻨﻮﻋﺎت ﻏ أرﺿﻴﺔ، إﻻ إذا ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺑﺤﺠ ــﻢ " ﺳـــﻔﻴﻨﺔ ﻳـــﻮ إس إس إﻧﱰﺑﺮاﻳـﺰ " ﻣــﻦ ﻣﺴﻠﺴـﻞ " ﺳــﺘﺎر : ﺗﺮﻳﻚ اﻟﺠﻴـﻞ اﻟﺘـﺎﱄ " وﻗـﺪ ﻳﻜـﻮن اﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺗﻜﻨﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺎ ﻓﻀﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﻏ أرﺿﻴﺔ ﰲ ﻗﺎﻋﺪة اﻟﺼـﻮر اﻟﻀـﺨﻤﺔ اﻟﺘﻲ أﻧﺘﺠﻬﺎ ﻣﺴﺒﺎر ﻧﺎﺳـﺎ ﻣـﺎرس " رﻳﻜﻮﻧﻴﺴﺎﻧﺲ أورﺑﻴﱰ " أﻗﻞ ﺗﺸﺎؤﻣ ﺎً ﻓﻘﺪ ﺻﻮّر ا ﺴـﺒﺎر ﻧ ﺤـﻮ 2 % ﻣـﻦ ﺳـﻄﺢ ا ـﺮﻳﺦ ﺑﺎﺳـﺘﺨﺪام ﻛـﺎﻣ ا " ﻫﺎﻳﺮاﻳﺰ " ﺑﺪﻗﺔ ﻗﺼـﻮى ﺗﺒﻠـﻎ 0.3 ﻣــﱰ ﻟﻜـﻞ ﺑﻜﺴـﻞ ﺑﻴﻨﻤـﺎ ﺻـﻮرت اﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ا ﺘﺒﻘﻴﺔ اﻟﺒﺎﻟﻐﺔ ﻧﺤـﻮ 98% ﺑ ﺧﻄﻲ ﻋﺮض 88 ° ﺷﻤﺎﻻً و 88 ° ﺎً ﺟﻨﻮﺑــــ ﺑﻮاﺳــــﻄﺔ ﻛــــﺎﻣ ا " ﻛﻮﻧﺘﻜﺴﺖ " ﺑﺪﻗﺔ ﺗﺒﻠـﻎ ﻧﺤـﻮ 0.6 ﻣﱰ ﻟﻜﻞ ﺑﻜﺴﻞ ﻟﻜـﻦ ﺑﻴﺌـﺔ ا ـﺮﻳﺦ أﻛﺜﺮ دﻳ ﻨﺎﻣﻴﻜﻴﺔ ﺑﻜﺜـ ﻣـﻦ اﻟﺒﻴﺌـ ﺔ اﻟﻘﻤﺮﻳﺔ وﻟﺬﻟﻚ ﻳﻤﻜـﻦ أن ﺗُـﺪﻓﻦ أي ﻣﺼــﻨﻮﻋﺎت ﻓﻀــﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﺻــﻐ ة أو ﺗﺘﻌـﺮض ﻟﻠﺘﻌﺮﻳـﺔ ﺑﻔﻌـﻞ اﻟﻌﻮاﻣـﻞ اﻟﺠﻮﻳﺔ ﺧﻼل ﻓﱰة زﻣﻨﻴـﺔ ﺗﺨﺘﻠـﻒ ﺑﺤﺴـﺐ ﻣﻮﻗﻌﻬـﺎ وﻃﺒﻴﻌـﺔ اﻟﺒﻴﺌـﺔ ا ﺤﻴﻄﺔ ﺑﻬﺎ وﺑﺎﻟﻨﻈﺮ إﱃ ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﻫﺬه ﻣﺼـﻨﻮﻋﺎت ﻓﻀـﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﺻـﻐ ة أو ﺗﺘﻌ ـﺮض ﻟﻠﺘﻌﺮﻳﺔ ﺑﻔ ﻞ اﻟﻌﻮاﻣﻞ اﻟﺠﻮﻳـﺔ ﺧـﻼل ﻓـﱰة زﻣﻨﻴﺔ ﺗﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺑﺤﺴﺐ ﻣﻮﻗﻌﻬﺎ وﻃﺒﻴﻌﺔ اﻟﺒﻴﺌﺔ ا ﺤﻴﻄﺔ ﻬﺎ . ﻓﻌﲆ ا ﺮﻳﺦ ﻻ ﺗﻘﺘﴫ ا ﻟﺘﻐ ات اﻟﺴـﻄﺤﻴﺔ ﻋـﲆ ﺣﺮﻛـﺔ اﻟﻐﺒـﺎر ﺑـ ﻞ ﺗﺸـﻤﻞ اﻟﻌﻮاﺻﻒ اﻟﱰاﺑﻴﺔ اﻟﻮاﺳﻌﺔ واﻟﺮﻳﺎح وﺗـﺮاﻛﻢ اﻟﺮ واﺳﺐ واﻻﻧﻬﻴﺎرات ﻋﲆ ا ﻨﺤﺪرات إﺿـﺎﻓﺔ إﱃ ﺗـﺄﺛ ات اﻟﺘﺠﻤـﺪ و اﻟـﺬوﺑﺎن ا ﻮﺳـﻤﻴﺔ ﰲ ﺑﻌﺾ ا ﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻗﺪ ﺗﺆدي ﻫﺬه اﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺎت إﱃ ﻃﻤﺲ آﺛﺎر اﻷﺟﺴﺎم اﻟﺼﻐ ة أ و ﻧﻘﻠﻬـﺎ ﻣـﻦ ﻣﻮاﺿﻌﻬﺎ اﻷﺻﻠﻴﺔ . ﺑﺎﻟﻨﻈﺮ إﱃ ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﻫﺬه ا ﻌﻄﻴﺎت ﺗﺒﺪو ﻓﺮﺿﻴﺔ " ﻻﺗﺴﻴﻮ " ا ﺜ ة ﻟﻠﺠﺪل ﻋﺼﻴﺔ ﻋﲆ اﻟـﺪﺣﺾ ﻣﺎ ﻟﻢ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮ ﺟﻤﻴﻊ اﻷﺳ ﻄﺢ اﻟﺼـﻠﺒﺔ ﰲ اﻟﻨﻈﺎم اﻟﺸﻤﴘ ﺑﺘﻔﺎﺻﻴﻞ دﻗﻴﻘﺔ ﺛﻢ ﻓﺤﺼﻬﺎ ﺑﻌﻨﺎﻳﺔ وﻗﺪ ﺗﺴـﺘﻐﺮق ﻣﻬﻤـﺔ ﻛﻬـﺬه اً ﻋﻘـﻮد ﻛﺜ ة ورﺑﻤﺎ ﻗﺮوﻧ .ﺎً ﻧﻮﻓﻤﺒﺮ - ﺩﻳﺴﻤﺒﺮ 2 0 2 6 ﺴـــــﺘﻤﺘﻊ ﺗﺴـــــ ﺟـــــﻮ ﻻ ﻴﻮ ﻠﺤﻈـــــﺔ اﺳـــــ ﺧﺎء أﺛﻨـــــﺎء ﻣﺸـــــﺎرﻛﺘﮫ ﻓـــــﻲ اﺟﺘﻤـــــﺎع اﻟ ﻤﺼﻔﻮﻓﺔ اﻟﺪوﻟ ﺔ ﻟ ﺘﻮﻗ ﺖ اﻟﻨﺠﻮم اﻟﻨﺎ ﻀﺔ ﻓﻲ " ﻠﺪة ﺎﻧﻒ ﺎﻟﻐ ﺎريﻛﻨﺪا .