Free Astronomy Magazine November-December 2025 ARABIC VERSION

N Webb explores largest star-forming cloud In the Milky Way byNASA/ESA/CSA LauraBetz,LeahRamsay,ChristinePulliam ASA’sJamesWebbSpaceTele- scope has revealed a colorful arrayofmassivestarsand glowingcosmicdustintheSagittar- iusB2molecularcloud,themost massiveandactivestar-formingre- gion in our Milky Way galaxy. “Webb’spowerfulinfraredinstru- mentsprovidedetailwe’venever beenabletoseebefore,whichwill help us to understand some of the still-elusivemysteriesofmassivestar formationandwhySagittariusB2is somuchmoreactivethantherestof thegalacticcenter,” saidastronomer Adam Ginsburg of the University of Florida,principalinvestigatorofthe program. Sagittarius B2 is located onlyafewhundredlight-yearsfrom the supermassive black hole at the heartofthegalaxycalledSagittarius A*, a region densely packed with stars,star-formingclouds,andcom- plex magnetic fields. The infrared light that Webb detects is able to passthroughsomeofthearea’sthick cloudstorevealyoungstarsandthe warmdustsurroundingthem.How- ever,oneofthemostnotableaspects و ﺐ ﺴﺘﻜﺸﻒ أ ﻛ ﺳﺤﺎ ﺔ ﻟﺘ ﻮﻳﻦ اﻟﻨﺠﻮمﻓﻲدر اﻟﺘ ﺎﻧﺔ أﻋــﻼﻩ : ـــﺎر ﺗﺘـــﻮﻫﺞ اﻟﻨﺠـــﻮم واﻟﻐـــﺎزات واﻟﻐ ـــــﻮﻧﻲﻓـــــﻲﺳـــــﺤﺎ ﺔ اﻟﻘـــــﻮس اﻟ B2 ـ اﻟـــــ ﺠﺰ ﺌ ﺔ ﻀـــــ ﺎء اﻷﺷـــــﻌﺔ ﺗﺤـــــﺖ اﻟـــــ ـ ﻤﺮاء اﻟﻘﺮ ـــــﺐ اﻟـــــ ﻬــــﺎ ﻘﻄﻟﺘا ـــــﺎﻣ ا ـــــﺎم اﻟﺘﺎ ﻌـــــﺔ ﻟﺘﻠﺴـــــ ﻮب ﻧ ــــﺐ . و اﻟﻤﻨــــﺎﻃﻖ اﻷﻛــــ ﻇﻠﻤــــﺔ ﻟ ﺴــــﺖ ﻓﻀــــﺎء ﺎً ﻏـــــ اﻓﺎر ﺑـــــﻞ ﻣﻨــــــﺎﻃﻖﻻ ﺗـــــﺰال اﻟﻨﺠـــــﻮم ﺗﺘﺸــــــ ﻞ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ داﺧﻞﺳﺤﺐ ﻛﺜ ﻔﺔ ﺗﺤﺠﺐﺿﻮءﻫﺎ . [NASA, ESA, CSA, STScI, Adam Ginsburg (University of Florida), Nazar Budaiev (University of Florida), Taehwa Yoo (University of Florida); Image Processing: Alyssa Pagan (STScI)] : ﻘﻠﻢ ﻟﻮرا ﺑ ﻟ ﺎ راﻣﺰي و و ﺑﻮﻟ ﺎم ﻛﺮﺴﺘ و ﺎﻟﺔ ﻧﺎﺳﺎ / و ﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﻔﻀﺎء اﻷوروﺑ ﺔ / و ﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﻔﻀﺎء اﻟﻜﻨﺪ ﺔ ﻛﺸـﻒ ﺗﻠﺴـﻜﻮب ﺟـﻴﻤﺲ وﻳـﺐ اﻟﻔﻀـﺎﺋﻲ اﻟﺘﺎﺑﻊ ﻟﻮﻛﺎﻟﺔ ﻧﺎﺳﺎ ﺼﻔﻮﻓﺔ ﻧﺎﺑﻀﺔ ﺑﺎﻷﻟﻮان ﻣﻦ اﻟﻨﺠﻮم اﻟﻀﺨﻤﺔ واﻟﻐﺒﺎر اﻟﻜﻮﻧﻲ ا ﺘﻮﻫﺞ ﰲ ﺳﺤﺎﺑﺔ اﻟﻘﻮس B2 اﻟﺠﺰ ﻳﺌﻴﺔ اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻌﺪ أﻛﱪ وأﻛﺜ ـﺮ ﻣﻨـﺎﻃﻖ ﺗﻜـﻮ ن اﻟﻨﺠـﻮم ﻧﺸـﺎﻃﺎً ﰲ ﻣﺠﺮﺗﻨﺎ درب اﻟﺘﺒﺎﻧﺔ . وﻗﺎل ﻋـﺎﻟﻢ اﻟﻔﻠـ ﻚ آدم ﺟﻴﻨﺴﺒ غ ﻣـﻦ ﺟﺎﻣﻌـﺔ ﻓﻠﻮرﻳـﺪا و اﻟﺒﺎﺣـﺚ اﻟﺮﺋﻴ ـ ﻫـﺬا ﴘ ﰲ اﻟﱪﻧـﺎﻣﺞ " : ﺗـﻮﻓﺮ أﺟﻬـﺰة ﺗﻠﺴﻜﻮب وﻳﺐ اﻟﻘﻮﻳﺔ اﻟﻌﺎﻣﻠﺔ ﺑﺎﻷﺷﻌﺔ ﺗﺤﺖ اﻟﺤﻤ ﺮاء ﺗﻔﺎﺻﻴﻞ ﻟﻢ ﻧﻜﻦ ﻟﻨﺮاﻫﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ ﻣﻤﺎ ﺳﻴﺴﺎﻋﺪﻧﺎ ﻋﲆ ﻓﻬﻢ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺔ ﺗﺸـﻜﻞ ا ﻟﻨﺠـﻮم اﻟﻀﺨﻤﺔ وﻫﻲ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﻻ ﺗﺰال ﻏﺎﻣﻀﺔ ﺎذا و ـ ﻌﺪﺗ ﺳﺤﺎﺑﺔ اﻟﻘﻮس B2 أﻛﺜﺮ ﻧﺸـﺎﻃ ﺎً ﺑﻜﺜـ ﻣﻦ ﺑﺎﻗﻲ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ا ﺠﺮة ﺗﻘﻊ ". ﺳﺤﺎﺑﺔ اﻟﻘﻮس B2 ﻋﲆ ﺑ ﻌﺪ ﺑﻀﻊ ﻣﺌﺎت ﻣﻦ اﻟﺴـﻨ اﻟﻀﻮﺋﻴﺔ ﻓﻘﻂ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺜﻘﺐ ا ﻷﺳﻮد ﻓﺎﺋﻖ اﻟﻜﺘﻠﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﰲ ا ﺠﺮة وا ﺴـﻤﻰ اﻟﻘـﻮس A * وﻫـﻲ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺗﻌﺞ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺠﻮم اﻟﻮﻟﻴﺪة وﺳﺤﺐ اﻟﻐـﺎز اﻟﻨﺠـﻮم، وﻣﺠـﺎﻻت ﻣﻐﻨﺎﻃﻴﺴـﻴﺔ ﻣﻌﻘ ـﺪة . اﻟﻀﻮء ﺗﺤﺖ اﻷﺣﻤﺮ اﻟﺬي ﻳﻜﺘﺸﻔﻪ وﻳﺐ ﻗﺎدر واﻟﻐﺒــﺎر إﺿــﺎﻓﺔ اﱃ ﺣﻘــﻮل ﻣﻐﻨﺎﻃﻴﺴــﻴﺔ . ﻣﻌﻘﺪة ﻳﺘﻤﻴﺰ اﻟﻀـﻮء ﺗﺤـﺖ اﻷﺣﻤـﺮ اﻟـﺬي ﻳﺮﺻﺪه ﺗﻠﺴﻜﻮب وﻳﺐ ﺑﻘﺪرﺗﻪ ﻋـﲆ اﺧـﱰاق اﻟﺴﺤﺐ اﻟﻜﺜﻴﻔﺔ ﻟﺮؤﻳﺔ اﻟﻨﺠﻮم اﻟﻔﺘﻴﺔ واﻟﻐﺒﺎر اﻟﺪاﻓﺊ ا ﺤﻴﻂ ﺑﻬﺎ وﻣﻊ ذﻟﻚ ﻓـﺈن أﺣـﺪ أﺑـﺮز ﻣﻼﻣﺢ ﺻﻮر ﺗﻠﺴﻜﻮب وﻳﺐ ﻟ ﺴﺤﺎﺑﺔ اﻟﻘﻮس B2 ﻫﻲ اﻷﺟﺰاء اﻟﺘﻲ ﻻ ﺗﺰال . ﻣﻈﻠﻤﺔ