Free Astronomy Magazine November-December 2025 ARABIC VERSION

The hidden heart of the Butterfly Nebula unveiled byALMAObservatory Nicolás Lira heJamesWebbSpaceTele- scope (JWST) has captured un- precedenteddetailsofthe ButterflyNebula(NGC6302),aplan- etarynebulalocatedabout3,400 light- years away in the constellation Scorpius.Togainacompleteviewof thiscomplexobject,astronomers combined Webb’s infrared observa- tions with data from the AtacamaLargeMillimeter/submillime terAr- ray (ALMA), whose ability to trace coldgasanddustprovidesessential context to Webb’s images. While Webbrevealedthehotcentralstar andtheintricateionizedgasstruc- tures within the nebula, ALMA traced the cold molecular gas and dust forming the dense torus at its core. This combination shows how thetorusshapesthebipolar“wings” of thenebulaandexplainswhy the centralstarremainedhiddenforso long. Together, JWST and ALMA provide a comprehensive view of both the hot and cold components of the Butterfly Nebula, offering newinsightsintothefinalstagesof stellar evolution. The synergy be- tween the two observatories also uncovered surprising chemistry in the Butterfly Nebula. Webb de- tectedcomplexcarbon-basedmole- NOVEMBER-DECEMBER2025 T ﻣﺠﻠﺔ FreeAstronomy ﺎﻟﻌﺮ ﺔ 36 أﺳ ﻛﺸﻒ ﺮاراﻟﻘﻠﺐ اﻟﻐﺎﻣﺾ ﻟﺴﺪ ﻢ اﻟﻔﺮاﺷﺔ : ﻘﻠﻢ ﻧﻴ ﻮﻻس ﻟ ا ﻣﺮﺻﺪ أﻟﻤﺎ اﻟـﺘﻘﻂ ﺗﻠﺴـﻜﻮب ﺟـﻴﻤﺲ وﻳـﺐ اﻟﻔﻀـﺎﺋﻲ ﺗﻔﺎﺻـﻴﻞ ﻏـ ﻣﺴــﺒﻮﻗﺔ ﻟﺴـﺪﻳﻢ اﻟﻔﺮاﺷـﺔ ) NGC6302 ( وﻫﻮ ﺳﺪﻳﻢ ﻛﻮﻛﺒﻲ ﻳﻘـﻊ ﻋـﲆ ﺑﻌـﺪ ﺣـﻮاﱄ 3400 ﺳـﻨﺔ ﺿـﻮﺋﻴﺔ ﰲ ﻛﻮﻛﺒـﺔ اﻟﻌﻘﺮب وﻟﻠﺤﺼﻮل ﻋـ ﲆ رؤﻳـﺔ ﻛﺎﻣﻠـﺔ ﻟﻬـﺬا اﻟﺠﺴﻢ ا ﻌﻘﺪ ﺟﻤـﻊ ﻋﻠﻤـﺎء اﻟﻔﻠـﻚ أرﺻـﺎد ﺗﻠﺴﻜﻮب وﻳﺐ ﺑﺎﻷﺷﻌﺔ ﺗﺤـﺖ اﻟﺤﻤـﺮاء ﻣـﻊ ﺑﻴﺎﻧ ـﺎت ﻣــﻦ ﻣﺼ ـ ﻔﻮﻓﺔ أﺗﺎﻛﺎﻣ ـﺎ اﻟﻜﺒ ـ ة ا ﻠﻴﻤﱰﻳﺔ وﺗﺤﺖ ا ﻠﻴﻤﱰﻳﺔ أ ﺎ) ( اﻟﺘـﻲ ﺗـ ﻮﻓﺮ اﻟﻘﺪرة ﻋﲆ ﺗﺘﺒﻊ اﻟﻐﺎز واﻟﻐﺒـﺎر اﻟﺒـﺎرد وﻫـﻮ أﺳﺎﺳﻴًﺎ ﻟﺼﻮر وﻳﺐ . ﻓﺒﻴﻨﻤﺎ ﻛﺸﻒ وﻳﺐ ﻋـﻦ أﺳﺎﳼ ﺳﻴﺎق ﻟﺘﻔﺴ ﺻﻮر ﺗﻠﺴـﻜﻮب وﻳـﺐ ﺑﻴﻨﻤﺎ ﻛﺸﻒ وﻳﺐ ﻋﻦ اﻟﻨﺠﻢ ا ﺮﻛﺰي اﻟﺴﺎﺧﻦ اﻟو ﻞ ﻬﻴﺎﻛ ا ﻌﻘﺪة ﻠﻐﻟ ﺎز ا ﺆﻳﻦ داﺧﻞ اﻟﺴـﺪﻳﻢ ﺗﺘﺒﻊ ﻣﺮﺻﺪ أ ﺎ اﻟﻐﺎز واﻟﻐﺒﺎر اﻟﺠﺰﻳﺌﻲ اﻟﺒﺎرد اﻟﺬي ﺸﻜﻞ ﻳ اﻟﺤﻠﻘﺔ اﻟﻜﺜﻴﻔﺔ ﰲ ﻗﻠﺐ اﻟﺴـﺪﻳﻢ . ﻳﻮﺿﺢ ﻫﺬا ا ـﺰﻳﺞ ﻛﻴـﻒ ﺗ ﺖﺸـﻜﻠ اﻟﺤﻠﻘـﺔ ﻟﺘﻜ ـﻮن أﺟﻨﺤــﺔ اﻟﺴ ـﺪﻳﻢ ﺛﻨﺎﺋﻴــﺔ اﻟﻘﻄ ـﺐ ـﻔوﻳ ﴪ ﺳﺒﺐ ﺑﻘﺎء اﻟﻨﺠﻢ ا ﺮﻛﺰي ﻣﺨ ﺎً ﻔﻴـ ﺘ ﻟﻔﱰة ﻃﻮﻳﻠﺔ . ﻳﻤﻨﺢ اﻟﺠﻤـﻊ ﺑـ ﺗﻠﺴـﻜﻮب ﺟﻴﻤﺲ وﻳﺐ اﻟﻔﻀﺎﺋﻲ وﻣﺮﺻﺪ أ ﺎ ﻣﻌ ﺎً رؤﻳﺔ ـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ ﺷﺎﻣﻠﺔ ﻟﻜﻞٍ ﻣﻦ ا ﻜﻮﻧﺎت اﻟﺴﺎﺧﻨﺔ واﻟﺒـﺎردة ﻟﺴﺪﻳﻢ اﻟﻔﺮاﺷﺔ ﻣﻤﺎ ﻳ ﻘﺪم رؤى ﺟﺪﻳﺪة ﺣـﻮل ا ﺮاﺣﻞ اﻟﻨﻬﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﻟﺘﻄﻮر اﻟﻨﺠﻮم . ﻛﻤـﺎ ﻛﺸـﻒ اﻟﺘﺂزر ﺑ ا ﺮﺻﺪﻳﻦ ﻋﻦ ﻛﻴﻤﻴﺎء ﻣﺪﻫﺸـﺔ ﰲ ﺳﺪﻳﻢ اﻟﻔﺮاﺷﺔ : ﺟﺰﻳﺌﺎت ﻣﻌﻘﺪة ﻗﺎﺋﻤﺔ ﻋـﲆ اﻟﻜﺮﺑـﻮن ﰲ ﺑﻴﺌ ـ ﺘﺔ ﻳ ﻮﻗ ـﻊ أن ﺗﻜـﻮن ﻏﻨﻴ ـﺔ ﺑﺎﻷﻛﺴﺠ و ﺣﺒﻴﺒﺎت ﻏﺒﺎر ﺑﻠﻮرﻳـﺔ ﻛﺒـ ة ﰲ ﺗــﺪل ﻋــﲆ ﺗﻌﻘﻴــﺪ اﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴــﺎت اﻟﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﺋﻴــﺔ واﻟﻔﻴﺰﻳﺎﺋﻴـﺔ ﰲ ا ﺮاﺣـﻞ اﻷ ﺧـ ة ﻣـﻦ ﺣﻴـﺎة اﻟﻨﺠﻮم ﻣﻤﺎ ﻛﺎن ﻳﻌﺘﻘﺪ ﺳﺎﺑﻘ .ﺎ ﻧﻮﻓﻤﺒﺮ - ﺩﻳﺴﻤﺒﺮ 2 0 2 5