Free Astronomy Magazine November-December 2025 ARABIC VERSION

N Comet’s water holds clues to life on Earth By National Radio Astronomy Observatory ew research has uncovered compelling evidence that waterfromacometisstrik- inglysimilartothatfoundinEarth’s oceans, offering fresh support for the idea that comets may have played a crucial role in delivering water—andpossiblysomeofthe molecular ingredients for life—toour planet. Using the powerful Ata- cama Large Millimeter/submillime- ter Array (ALMA), an international team of scientists, led by Martin Cordiner of NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center, mapped the distribu- tionofbothordinarywater(H 2 O) and “heavy” water (HDO, which contains the heavier isotope, deu- terium) in the coma (the cloud of gassurroundingthenucleus)ofthe Halley-type comet 12P/Pons-Brooks duringitsapproachtotheSun.This marks the first time such detailed spatialmappingofthesetwo forms -DECEMBER2025 ﻣﺠﻠﺔ FreeAstronomy ﺎﻟﻌﺮ ﺔ 30 ﻣ ﺎﻩ اﻟﻤﺬﻧ ﺎت ﺗﺤﻮيأ دﻟﺔ ﺣﻮل اﻟـﺤ ﺎة ﻋﻠﻰاﻷرض : ﻘﻠﻢ ﻟﻌﻠﻢ اﻟﻔﻠﻚ اﻟﻤﺮﺻﺪ اﻟﻮﻃ اﻟﺮادﻳﻮي ﻛﺸﻔﺖ أﺑﺤﺎث ﺟﺪﻳﺪة ﻋﻦ أدﻟﺔ داﻣﻐﺔ ﻋﲆ أن ا ـﺎء ﰲ ا ـﺬﻧﺒﺎت ﻳﺸـﺒﻪ إﱃ ﺣـﺪ ﻛﺒـ ا ـﺎء ا ﻮﺟﻮد ﰲ ﻣﺤﻴﻄﺎت اﻷرض ﻣﻤﺎ ﻳﻮﻓﺮ دﻋﻤـ ﺎً اً ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﻟﻔﻜﺮة أن ا ـﺬﻧﺒﺎت رﺑﻤـﺎ ﻟﻌﺒـﺖ دور اً ﺎً ﺣﺎﺳﻤ ﰲ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻞ ا ﺎء ورﺑﻤﺎ ﺑﻌﺾ ا ﻜﻮﻧﺎت اﻟﺠﺰﻳﺌﻴــﺔ ﻟﻠﺤﻴ ـﺎة إﱃ ﻛﻮﻛﺒﻨــﺎ . ﺑﺎﺳـﺘﺨﺪام ﻣﺼﻔﻮﻓﺔ أﺗﺎﻛﺎﻣﺎ ا ﻠﻴﻤﱰﻳﺔ اﻟﻜﺒـ ة وﺗﺤـﺖ ـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ ﻟﻠﻤﺬﻧﺐ ﻣﻦ ﻧﻮع ﻫﺎﱄ ا ﺴﻤﻰ -ﻧﺰﺑﻮ ﺑﺮوﻛﺲ أﺛﻨﺎء اﻗﱰاﺑﻪ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺸﻤﺲ و ﻳﻤﺜﻞ ﻫﺬا أول ﻣﺮة ﻳﺘﻢ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ رﺳﻢ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻲ ﺗﻔﺼﻴﲇ ﻟﻬﺬﻳﻦ اﻟﺸﻜﻠ ﻣﻦ ا ﺎء ﰲ ﻣﺬﻧﺐ وﻳﻌﺪ ﻫﺬا اﻹﻧﺠـﺎز ﺧﻄﻮة ﻣﻬﻤـﺔ ﻟﻔﻬـﻢ أﺻـﻞ ا ـﺎء ﰲ اﻟﻨﻈـﺎم اﻟﺸﻤﴘ وإﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻧﻘﻠﻪ إﱃ اﻷرض ﻣﻤﺎ ﻳﻌﺰز ﺗﻄﻮﻳﺮ ﻧﻤﺎذج دﻗﻴﻘﺔ ﻟﺘﻮزﻳﻊ اﻟﻌﻨﺎﴏ . وﺗﺤﺖ ا ﻠﻴﻤﱰﻳﺔ أ ﺎ) ( ﻗـﺎم ﻓﺮﻳـﻖ دوﱄ ﻣـﻦ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﺎء ﺑﻘﻴﺎدة ﻣﺎرﺗﻦ ﻛـﻮردﻳﻨﺮ ﻣـﻦ ﻣﺮﻛـﺰ ﺟﻮدارد ﻟ ﺮﺣﻼت اﻟﻔﻀﺎء اﻟﺘﺎﺑﻊ ﻟﻮﻛﺎﻟﺔ ﻧﺎﺳـﺎ ﺑﺮﺳﻢ ﺧﺮﻳﻄﺔ ﻟﺘﻮزﻳﻊ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ ا ـﺎء اﻟﻌـﺎدي ) H2O ( اﻟﺜﻘﻴﻞ " وا ﺎء ) " HDO ( اﻟﺬي ﻳﺤﺘﻮي ﻋﲆ اﻟﻨﻈ اﻷﺛﻘﻞ ) اﻟـﺪﻳﻮﺗ ﻳﻮم ( ﰲ اﻟﻐـﻼف اﻟﺠـﻮي ) ﺳـﺤﺎﺑﺔ اﻟﻐـﺎز ا ﺤﻴﻄـﺔ ﺑـﺎﻟﻨﻮاة ( ـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ ﻧﻮﻓﻤﺒﺮ - ﺩﻳﺴﻤﺒﺮ 2 0 2 5