Free Astronomy Magazine November-December 2025 ARABIC VERSION

ALMA captures the magnetized jet ofHH211 byALMAObservatory Nicolás Lira n the universe, stars and planets don’t form suddenly. Their forma- tion resembles a lengthy construc- tionprocess.Nearayoungstar, there isoften asurrounding diskof gas and dust called an accretiondisk. Material in this disk keeps ro- tating, gathering together, and eventually falling onto the star, helpingitgrowovertime.However, thisprocessfacesamajorchallenge: ifthematerialintheaccretiondisk spins too quickly, it becomes hard for it to fall inward. Astronomers havelongbelievedthatjets— ﻣﺮﺻﺪ أﻟﻤﺎ ﻠﺘﻘﻂاﻟﻨﻔﺎث اﻟﻤﻐﻨﺎﻃ ﺴﻲﻟـ HH211 : ﻘﻠﻢ ﻧﻴ ﻮﻻس ﻟ ا ﻣﺮﺻﺪ أﻟﻤﺎ ﻌﻠـﻢ ﻋﻠﻤﺎء اﻟﻔﻠﻚ ﺑﺎن اﻟﻨﺠﻮم واﻟﻜﻮاﻛـﺐ ﻻ ﺗﺘﺸﻜﻞ ﻓﺠﺄة ﰲ اﻟﻜﻮن ﺑـﻞ ﺗﻜﻮﻳﻨﻬـﺎ ﻳﺸـﺒﻪ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺑﻨﺎء ﻃﻮﻳﻠﺔ . ﺑﺎﻟﻘﺮب ﻣﻦ اﻟﻨﺠﻢ ﺣﺪﻳﺚ اﻟﺘﻜﻮﻳﻦ ﺎً ﻏﺎﻟﺒ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻮﺟﺪ ﻗـﺮص ﻣﺤـﻴﻂ ﻣـﻦ اﻟﻐﺎز واﻟﻐﺒﺎر ﻳُﺴﻤﻰ ﻗﺮص اﻟﱰاﻛﻢ . ﺗﺴـﺘﻤﺮ ا ﻮاد ا ﻮﺟـﻮدة ﰲ ﻫـﺬا اﻟﻘـﺮص ﰲ اﻟـﺪوران اﻟﻐﺎز واﻟﻐﺒﺎر ﻳ ﺴﻤﻰ ﻗﺮص اﻟﱰاﻛﻢ . ﺗﺴـﺘﻤﺮ ا ﻮاد ا ﻮﺟـﻮدة ﰲ ﻫـﺬا اﻟﻘـﺮص ﰲ اﻟـﺪوران واﻟﺘﺠ ﻤﻊ وﰲ اﻟﻨﻬﺎﻳﺔ ﺗﺴﻘﻂ ﻋﲆ اﻟﻨﺠﻢ ﻤـﺎ ﻣ ﻳﺴﺎﻋﺪه ﻋﲆ اﻟﻨﻤﻮ ﺑﻤﺮور اﻟﻮﻗﺖ وﻣـﻊ ذﻟـﻚ ﺗﻮاﺟﻪ ﻫﺬه اﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴـﺔ ﺗﺤـﺪﻳًﺎ ﻛﺒـ ًا : إذا دارت ا ـﺎدة ا ﻮﺟـﻮدة ﰲ ﻗـﺮص اﻟـﱰاﻛﻢ ﺑﴪـﻋﺔ ﺗﻮاﺟﻪ ﻫﺬه اﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴـﺔ ﺗﺤـﺪﻳًﺎ ﻛﺒـ ًا : إذا دارت ا ﺎدة ا ﻮﺟـﻮدة ﰲ ﻗـﺮص اﻟـﱰاﻛﻢ ﺑـ ـ ﴪﻋﺔ ﻛﺒ ة ﻳﺼﺒﺢ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺼﻌﺐ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ اﻟﺴـﻘﻮط إﱃ اﻟـﺪاﺧﻞ . ﻟﻄﺎ ـﺎ اﻋﺘﻘـﺪ اﻟ ﻌﻠﻤـﺎء أن ﺗﻴـﺎرت ﺗﻴﺎرات اﻟﻐﺎز ا ﻘﺬوﻓﺔ ﺑ ـ ﴪﻋﺎت ﻋﺎﻟﻴـﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﻗﺮب اﻟﻨﺠﻢ - ﻳﻤﻜﻦ أن ﺗﺤﻤﻞ ﻃﺎﻗﺔ اﻟـﺪوران ﻧﻮﻓﻤﺒﺮ - ﺩﻳﺴﻤﺒﺮ 2 0 2 5