Free Astronomy Magazine September-October 2026 ARABIC VERSION

SEPTEMBER-OCTOBER2026 sion included image quality, effec- tive survey speed, system uptime and reliability, and calibration accu- racy.RubinObservatory’suniquede- sign combines enormous light-col- lecting power, the ability to move rapidly across the sky, and a wide field of view. Its 3200-megapixel camera—thelargestdigitalcamera in the world — is now capturing a new,detailedimageapproximately every 40 seconds. Operating with this speed and sensitivity, Rubin functions as a unified, well-tuned system capable of catching faint ob- jectsandfleetingeventswithre- markable reliability and consistency every night. Rubin is bringing the Universetolife,illuminatingatreas-ure trove of discoveries: pulsating stars, supernova explosions, the fos- sil record of galaxies, clues to the mysteries of dark energy and dark matter, and entirely new phenom- ena we’ve never seen before. Some cosmic processes unfold slow- ly,unpredictably,orincrediblyrare-ly, which is why a ten-year survey is essential. By returning to each point in thesky about 800 times over a decade, Rubin data is providing the scientificcommunitywithdeep, time-rich views needed to uncover subtle events, capture moving ob- jects,andstudytheacceleratingex- pansion of the Universe. Not only is Rubin helping to unlock the mysteries of the distant Uni- verse, it is also the most powerful Solar System discovery machine ever built. By taking about a thousand imageseverynight,Rubiniscompil- inganastonishinglydetailedcensus of our Solar System, including mil- lionsofasteroidsandcomets.Injust a month and a half, during early optimizationsurveys,Rubindiscov- ered over 11,000 never-before-seen asteroids, including 33 near-Earth objects and 380 trans-Neptunian objects. Rubin will also advance op- portunitiesformulti-messengeras- tronomy, which is the study of cosmiceventsusingmultiplesignals such as light, gravitational waves, and cosmic rays. The observatory’s rapid, color-rich observations of transients such as stellar explosions, actively feeding black holes, and collisions between compact objects will guide tele- scopes around the world to followup on these fleeting events. Each night, Rubin is collecting ap- proximately ten terabytes of data and producing as many as seven million alerts of changes in the night sky. These alerts stream to alert brokers — automated systems thatsortandclassifythesechanges so scientists can act quickly. When the LSST is complete, the final dataset will contain billions of ob- jects with trillions of measurements, all accessible through regular data releases. This is the first time so much astronomical data will be available to so many people, open- ingthedoortonewkindsofdiscov-ery by both scientists and the public. Rubin invites anyone in the world to engage with its data and explore the dynamic Universe in waysneverbeforepossible.  ﻣﺠﻠﺔ FreeAstronomy ﺎﻟﻌﺮ ﺔ 21 دﻗﺘﻬﺎ 3200 ﻣﻴﺠﺎﺑﻜﺴﻞ وﻫ - ﻲ أﻛﱪ ﻛﺎﻣ ا رﻗﻤﻴـﺔ ﰲ اﻟﻌـﺎﻟﻢ ـ ﺻـﻮرة ﺟﺪﻳــﺪة ﻋﺎﻟﻴـﺔ اﻟﺘﻔﺎﺻﻴﻞ ﻛﻞ 40 ﺛﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺒ ﺎً وﺑﻔﻀﻞ ﻫـﺬه اﻟﴪﻋﺔ واﻟﺤﺴﺎﺳﻴﺔ ﻳﻌﻤـﻞ ﻣ ﺮﺻـﺪ روﺑـ ﻛﻨﻈﺎم ﻣﻮﺣﺪ ﻋﺎﱄ اﻟﻀﺒﻂ ﻗـﺎدر ﻋـﲆ رﺻـﺪ اﻷﺟﺮام اﻟﺨﺎﻓﺘﺔ واﻷﺣﺪاث اﻟﻌﺎﺑﺮة ﺑﻤﻮﺛﻮﻗﻴـﺔ واﺗﺴﺎق ﻣﻠﺤﻮﻇ ﰲ ﻛﻞ ﻟﻴﻠﺔ . ﻳﻀﻔﻲ ﻣﺮﺻـﺪ روﺑـ اﻟﺤﻴـﺎة ﻋـﲆ اﻟﻜـﻮن ﺎً ﻛﺎﺷﻔ ﻋـﻦ ﻛﻨـﺰ ﻣـﻦ اﻻﻛﺘﺸـ ﺎﻓﺎت ﻳﺸـﻤﻞ اﻟﻨﺠـﻮم اﻟﻨﺎﺑﻀــﺔ واﻧﻔﺠــﺎرات ا ﺴـﺘﻌﺮات اﻟﻌﻈﻤﻰ واﻟﺴﺠﻞ اﻷﺣﻔﻮري ﻟﻠﻤﺠﺮات واﻷدﻟﺔ ا ﺘﻌﻠﻘـﺔ ﺑﺄﻟﻐـﺎز اﻟﻄﺎﻗــﺔ ا ﻈﻠﻤـﺔ وا ــﺎدة ا ﻈﻠﻤﺔ وﻇﻮاﻫﺮ ﺟﺪﻳﺪة ﺗﻤﺎﻣ ﺎً ﻟﻢ ﺗُﺸﺎﻫﺪ ﻣﻦ و ﻗﺒﻞ ﺗﺘﻄﻮر ﺑﻌﺾ اﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺎت اﻟﻜﻮﻧﻴﺔ ﺑـﺒﻂء أو ﺗﺤﺪث ﺑﺼﻮرة ﻏ ﻣﺘﻮﻗﻌﺔ أو ﺗﻜﻮن ﻧﺎدرة ﻟﻠﻐﺎﻳﺔ وﻟﻬﺬا اﻟﺴﺒﺐ ﻳُ ﻌﺪ ﺗﻨ ﻔﻴﺬ ﻣﺴـﺢ ﻳﻤﺘـﺪ ﻋﴩ ﺳﻨﻮات أﻣﺮ اً ﺎً ﴐورﻳ وﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل اﻟﻌﻮدة إﱃ ﻛﻞ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﰲ اﻟﺴﻤﺎء ﻧﺤﻮ 800 ﻣﺮة ﺧـﻼل ﻋﻘﺪ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺰﻣﻦ ﺳﺘﻮﻓﺮ ﺑﻴﺎﻧﺎت ﻣﺮﺻﺪ روﺑـ ﻟﻠﻤﺠﺘﻤﻊ اﻟﻌﻠﻤـﻲ ﻣﺸـﺎﻫﺪ ﻋﻤﻴﻘـﺔ وﻏﻨﻴـﺔ ﺑﺎ ﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت اﻟﺰﻣﻨﻴـﺔ ا ﻟﻼزﻣـﺔ ﻟﻠﻜﺸـﻒ ﻋـﻦ اﻷﺣﺪاث اﻟﺪﻗﻴﻘﺔ ورﺻـﺪ اﻷﺟـﺮام ا ﺘﺤﺮ ﻛـﺔ ودراﺳﺔ اﻟﺘﻮﺳﻊ ا ﺘﺴﺎر ع ﻟﻠﻜﻮن ـ وﻻ ﻳ ﻘﺘﴫ دور ﻣﺮﺻﺪ روﺑ ﻋـﲆ ا ﺴـﺎﻋﺪة ﰲ ﻛﺸـﻒ أﴎار اﻟﻜﻮن اﻟﺒﻌﻴﺪ ﺑﻞ ﻳُﻌﺪ أﻳﻀ ﺎً أﻗـﻮى آﻟـﺔ ﻻﻛﺘﺸﺎف أﺟﺮام اﻟﻨﻈﺎم اﻟﺸﻤﴘ ﺑُﻨﻴـﺖ ﻋـﲆ اﻹﻃﻼق وﻣﻦ ﺧ ﻼل اﻟﺘﻘﺎط ﻧﺤﻮ أﻟﻒ ﺻـﻮرة ﻛﻞ ﻟﻴﻠﺔ ﻳُﻌـﺪ ﻣﺮﺻـﺪ روﺑـ إﺣﺼـﺎء ﺑـﺎﻟﻎ اﻟﺘﻔﺼﻴﻞ ﻟﻠﻨﻈﺎم اﻟـ ـ ﺸﻤﴘ ﻳﺸـﻤﻞ ﻣﻼﻳـ اﻟﻜﻮﻳﻜﺒﺎت وا ﺬ . ﻧﺒﺎت ﺧﻼل ﺷﻬﺮ وﻧﺼـﻒ ﻓﻘـﻂ وأﺛﻨـﺎء ﻋﻤﻠﻴـﺎت ا ﺴﺢ اﻷ وﻟﻴﺔ اﻟﺨﺎﺻﺔ ﺑﺘﺤﺴ أداء اﻟﻨﻈـﺎم اﻛﺘﺸﻒ ﻣﺮﺻـﺪ روﺑـ أﻛﺜـﺮ ﻣـﻦ 11 أﻟـﻒ ﻛﻮﻳﻜﺐ ﻟﻢ ﻳﺸﺎﻫﺪ ﻣـﻦ ﻗﺒـﻞ ﻣـﻦ ﺑﻴﻨﻬـﺎ 33 ﺎً ﺟﺮﻣ ﺎً ﻗﺮﻳﺒ ﻣـﻦ اﻷرض و 380 ﺎً ﺟﺮﻣـ اً ﻋـﺎﺑﺮ ﺪ ار ﻧﺒﺘﻮن . وﺳﻴﺴﻬﻢ ﻣﺮﺻﺪ روﺑ أﻳﻀـ ﰲ ﺎً ﺗﻌﺰﻳﺰ ﻓﺮص ﻋﻠﻢ اﻟﻔﻠﻚ ﻣﺘﻌﺪد اﻟﺮﺳـﻞ وﻫـﻮ دراﺳﺔ اﻟﻈﻮاﻫﺮ اﻟﻜﻮﻧﻴﺔ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام إﺷـﺎرات ﻣﺘﻌـﺪدة ﻣﺜـﻞ اﻟﻀـﻮء وﻣﻮﺟــﺎت اﻟﺠﺎذﺑﻴـﺔ واﻷﺷﻌﺔ اﻟﻜﻮﻧﻴﺔ وﺳـﺘﻮﺟﻪ أرﺻـﺎد ا ﺮﺻـﺪ اﻟﴪﻳﻌﺔ واﻟﻐﻨﻴﺔ ﺑﺎ ﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت اﻟﻠﻮﻧﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻈﻮاﻫﺮ اﻟﻌﺎﺑﺮة ﻣﺜﻞ اﻻﻧﻔﺠﺎرات اﻟﻨﺠﻤﻴـﺔ واﻟﺜﻘـﻮب اﻟﺴﻮداء اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺘﻐﺬى ﺑﻨﺸـﺎط واﺻـﻄﺪاﻣﺎت اﻷﺟﺮام ا ﺪﻣﺠﺔ اﻟﺘﻠﺴﻜﻮﺑﺎت ﰲ أﻧﺤﺎء اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻢ ﻹﺟﺮاء أرﺻﺎد ﻣﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻟﻬﺬه اﻷﺣﺪاث ﻗﺼـ ة ﻹﺟﺮاء أرﺻﺎد ﻣﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻟﻬﺬه ا ﻷﺣﺪاث ﻗﺼـ ة اﻟﻌﻤﺮ . وﰲ ﻛﻞ ﻟﻴﻠﺔ ﻳﺠﻤﻊ ﻣﺮﺻﺪ روﺑ ﻧﺤﻮ ﻋﴩة ﺗ اﺑﺎﻳﺖ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎت وﻳ ﺼﺪر ﻣﺎ ﻳﺼﻞ إﱃ ﺳﺒﻌﺔ ﻣﻼﻳ ﺗﻨﺒﻴﻪ ﺑﺸﺄن اﻟﺘﻐـ ات اﻟﺘـﻲ ﺗﻄﺮأ ﻋﲆ ﺳﻤﺎء اﻟﻠﻴﻞ وﺗﺘﺪﻓﻖ ﻫﺬه اﻟﺘﻨﺒﻴﻬ ﺎت إﱃ أﻧﻈﻤﺔ آﻟﻴﺔ ﺗﻘـﻮم ﺑﻔـﺮز ﻫـﺬه اﻟﺘﻐـ ات وﺗﺼـﻨﻴﻔﻬﺎ ﺑ ﻤـﺎ ﻳﺘـﻴﺢ ﻟﻠﻌﻠﻤـﺎء اﻻﺳـﺘﺠﺎﺑﺔ ﺑﴪﻋﺔ وﻋﻨﺪ اﻛﺘﻤﺎل ا ﺴ ﺢ ا ﺘﻮراث ﻟﻠﻔﻀﺎء واﻟﺰﻣﻦ ﺳﺘﻀﻢ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ اﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧـﺎت اﻟﻨﻬﺎﺋﻴـﺔ ﻣﻠﻴ ـﺎ رات اﻷﺟـﺮام وﺗﺮﻳﻠﻴﻮﻧ ـﺎت اﻟﻘﻴﺎﺳـﺎت وﺳﺘﻜﻮن ﺟﻤﻴﻌﻬﺎ ﻣﺘﺎﺣﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل إﺻﺪارات دورﻳﺔ ﻟﻠﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎت وﺳﺘﻜﻮن ﻫﺬه ا ﺮ ة اﻷوﱃ اﻟﺘﻲ ﻳﺘﺎح ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻫـﺬا اﻟﻜـﻢ اﻟﻬﺎﺋـﻞ ﻣـﻦ اﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧـﺎت اﻟﻔ ﻠﻜﻴﺔ ﻟﻬﺬا اﻟﻌﺪد اﻟﻜﺒ ﻣـﻦ اﻟﻨـﺎس ﻣﻤـﺎ ﻳﻔــﺘﺢ اﻟﺒــﺎب أﻣــﺎم أﻧــﻮاع ﺟﺪﻳــﺪة ﻣــﻦ ﻳﻔــﺘﺢ اﻟﺒــﺎب أﻣــﺎم أﻧــ ﻮاع ﺟﺪﻳــﺪة ﻣــﻦ اﻻﻛﺘﺸﺎﻓﺎت ﺳﻮاء ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﺎء أو ﻋﺎﻣـﺔ اﻟﺠﻤﻬ ـﻮر وﻣ ـﻦ ا ﺘﻮﻗــﻊ أن ﺗﺸ ـﻜﻞ ﻫــﺬه اﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎت أﺣﺪ أﻛﱪ ا ﻮارد اﻟﻌﻠ ﻤﻴﺔ ا ﻔﺘﻮﺣﺔ ﰲ ﺗﺎرﻳﺦ ﻋﻠﻢ اﻟﻔﻠﻚ إذ ﺳﺘﺘﻴﺢ إﺟـﺮاء دراﺳـﺎت إﺣﺼﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﻏ ﻣﺴﺒﻮﻗﺔ وﻣﻘﺎرﻧـﺔ اﻟﺘﻐـ ات اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻄﺮأ ﻋﲆ اﻟﺴﻤﺎء ﻋﱪ اﻟﺰﻣﻦ ﺑﺪﻗﺔ ﻋﺎﻟﻴﺔ . ﻛﻤــﺎ ﺳــﺘﺪﻋﻢ ﺗﻄــﻮﻳﺮ ﺗﻘﻨﻴــﺎت اﻟــﺬﻛﺎء ا ﻻﺻﻄﻨﺎﻋﻲ وﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ اﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎت اﻟﻀﺨﻤﺔ ﻣﻤـﺎ ﺳﻴﴪّع وﺗ ة اﻻﻛﺘﺸـﺎﻓ ﺎت اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴـﺔ ﺧـﻼل اﻟﺴﻨﻮات ا ﻘﺒﻠﺔ وﻳﺪﻋﻮ ﻣﺮﺻﺪ روﺑ ﺟﻤﻴـﻊ اﻷﺷﺨﺎص ﰲ أﻧﺤﺎء اﻟﻌـﺎﻟﻢ إﱃ اﻟﺘﻔﺎﻋـﻞ ﻣـﻊ ﺑﻴﺎﻧﺎﺗﻪ واﺳﺘﻜﺸﺎف اﻟﻜﻮن اﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎﻣﻴﻜﻲ ﺑﻄﺮق ﻟﻢ ﺗﻜﻦ ﻣﻤﻜﻨﺔ ﻣﻦ . ﻗﺒﻞ ﻳﻮﺿـﺢ ﻫـﺬا اﻟﻤﺨﻄـﻂ أﺳـﺒﻮﻋﺎً ﻳﺠﺮ ﻬـﺎ ﻣﺮﺻـﺪ ـﺎت اﻟﺮﺻـﺪ اﻟـ ﻣـﻦ ﻋﻤﻠ ﻓـ ا ﺳـﻲ . ﺿـﻤﻦ اﻟﻤﺴـﺢ روﺑـ اﻟﻤﺘـﻮراث ﻟﻠﻔﻀـﺎء واﻟــﺰﻣﻦ ـﻞ و ﻤﺜـﻞ ﻟــﻮن اﻟﻔﻠـ ـﻞ ﺗﻌــﺮﺾ اﻟﻀـﻮﺋﻲ اﻟﻤﺴـﺘﺨﺪم ﻓـﻲ )u و g و r و i و z و y ( ﺴﺮﻋﺔ ﺧﺮﻄﺔ ﻣﺘﻌﺪدة اﻷﻟﻮان ﻟﻠ ﻮن ﻣﺮﺻﺪ روﺑ ﻣﻮﺿﺤﺎ ﻛ ﻒ ﻳ . [NSF–DOE Vera C. Rubin Observatory/NOIRLab/SLAC/AURA] - ﺳﺒﺘﻤﺒﺮ ﺃﻛﺘﻮﺑﺮ 2 0 2 6