Free Astronomy Magazine September-October 2025 ARABIC VERSION

SEPTEMBER-OCTOBER2025 Protoplanetary disks in high resolution byALMAObservatory Bárbara Ferreira research team led by Ayumu Shoshi of Kyushu UniversityandtheAcade- mia Sinica Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics (ASIAA) revealed protoplanetary disks around proto- stars that had not been clearly ob- servedinpreviousanalyses,byem- ployinganewimagingtechnique with sparse modeling on ALMA archival data. The targets were 78 disks in the Ophiuchus star-forming region. These disks composed of gas and dust that form around proto- stars immediately after their birth are,sotospeak,thecradlesofplan- ets. The new technique revealed variouscharacteristicdisksubstruc- tures,includingringsandspirals, thatwerepreviouslyundetectable رﺻﺪ اﻷﻗﺮاصاﻟ ﻮﻛﺒ ﺔ اﻷوﻟ ﺔ ﺪﻗﺔ ﻋﺎﻟ ﺔ : ﻘﻠﻢ ﺎر ﺮا ﻓ ﺮا ﻣﺼﻔﻮﻓﺔ أﺗﺎ ﺎﻣﺎ اﻟﻜﺒ ة اﻟﻤ ﻠ ﻤ ﺔ ﻛﺸﻒ ﻓﺮﻳﻖ ﺑﺤﺜﻲ ﺑﻘﻴﺎدة أﻳﻮﻣﻮ ﺷﻮﳾﻣﻦ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﻛﻴﻮﺷﻮ وﻣﻌﻬـﺪ أﻛﺎدﻳﻤﻴـﺔ ﺳـﻴﻨﻴﻜ ﺎ ﻟﻌﻠﻢ اﻟﻔﻠﻚ واﻟﻔﻴﺰﻳﺎء اﻟﻔﻠﻜﻴـﺔ ﻋـﻦ أﻗـﺮاص ﻛ ﻮﻛﺒﻴﺔ أوﻟﻴﺔ ﺣﻮل ﻧﺠـﻮم أ وﻟﻴـﺔ ﻟـﻢ ﺗﺮﺻـﺪ ﺑﻮﺿــﻮح ﰲ اﻟﺘﺤﻠــﻴﻼت اﻟﺴــﺎﺑﻘﺔ وذﻟــﻚ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام ﺗﻘﻨﻴﺔ ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮ ﺟﺪﻳﺪة ﻣﻊ ﻧﻤﺬﺟـﺔ ﻣﺘﻔﺮﻗﺔ ﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎت أرﺷﻴﻒ ﻣﺮﺻﺪ أ ﺎ . ﻛﺎﻧﺖ اﻷﻫﺪاف 78 ﻗﺮﺻﺎً ﰲ ﻣﻨﻄﻘـﺔ ﺗﺸـﻜﻞ ﺑﺎﻟﻄﺮق اﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪﻳﺔ . ﻈﻬــــــﺮ ﻓــــــﻲ اﻷﻋﻠــــــﻰ رﺳــــــﻢ ﺗﺨ ﻠــــــﻲ ﻟ ــــــﺔ ﻠ ﻨ أوﻟـــــﻲ ـــــﻮﻛ ـــــﺔ اﻟﻤﻤـــــ ة ﻓـــــﻲﻗـــــﺮص اﻟﻔﺮﻋ ﻣـﻦ ﺗﺸ ﻞ ﻌﺪ ﻣﺌﺎت اﻵﻻفﻣﻦ اﻟﺴـﻨ ـﻮﻳﻦ ﺗ اﻟﻨ ﻢ اﻟﻤﺮﻛﺰي ﻣﺴﺘﻌﻤﺮة ﻧﻈﺎمﺷﻤﺴﻲ . [Y.Naka- mura, A. Shoshi et al.] اﻟﻨﺠﻮم ﰲ ﻛﻮﻛﺒﺔ اﻟﺤﻮاء إن. ﻫـﺬه اﻷﻗـﺮاص ا ﻜﻮﻧﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻐﺎز واﻟﻐﺒﺎر واﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺘﺸﻜﻞ ﺣﻮل اﻟﻨﺠﻮم اﻷوﻟﻴﺔ ﻓﻮر وﻻدﺗﻬـﺎ ﺗﻌﺘـﱪ إن ﺻـﺢ اﻟﺘﻌﺒـ ﻣ ﻬـﺪ اﻟﻜﻮاﻛ ـﺐ . ﻛﺸــﻔﺖ اﻟﺘﻘﻨﻴــﺔ اﻟﺠﺪﻳﺪ ة ﻋﻦ ﻫﻴﺎﻛﻞ أﺳﺎﺳﻴﺔ ﻣﻤﻴﺰة ﻟﻸﻗﺮاص ﺑﻤﺎ ﰲ ذﻟﻚ اﻟﺤﻠﻘﺎت واﻟﻠﻮاﻟﺐ اﻟﺘـﻲ ﻟـ ﻢ ﺗﻜـﻦ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﻛﺘﺸﺎف ﺳﺎﺑﻘًﺎ ﺑـﺎﻟﻄﺮق اﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪﻳـﺔ . ﻫﺬه اﻻﻛﺘﺸﺎﻓﺎت ﺗﻘـﺪم رؤى ﺟﺪﻳـﺪة ﺣـﻮل ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺔ ﺗﺸﻜﻞ ا ﺠﺮات وﺗﻄﻮرﻫﺎ ﻋـﱪ اﻟـﺰﻣﻦ اﻟﻜﻮﻧﻲ . ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺔ ﺗﺸﻜﻞ ا ﺠﺮات وﺗﻄﻮرﻫﺎ ﻋـﱪ اﻟـﺰﻣﻦ ا ﻟﻜﻮﻧﻲ و ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ أﴎارﻫﺎ اﻟﻐﺎﻣﻀﺔ . ﺳﺒﺘﻤﺒﺮ - ﺃﻛﺘﻮﺑﺮ 2 0 2 5