Free Astronomy Magazine July-August 2026 ARABIC VERSION

heParanalsolarESPRESSOTel- escope (PoET), installed at the EuropeanSouthernObserva-tory’s (ESO’s) Paranal site in Chile, has made its first observations. The telescopewillworkwithESO’s ESPRESSO instrument to study theSun in detail. Described as a solartelescope for planet hunters, PoET aims to understand how the varia-tion in the light from stars like the Sun can mask the presence of plan- ets orbiting them, helping us in our searchforworldsoutsidetheSolar System . “One of the greatest challenges for the detection of other Earths orbit- ing other Suns is the astrophysical ‘noise’ coming from the host stars,” explains Nuno Santos, the Principal Investigator for PoET, based at the Institute of Astrophysics and Space Sciences (Instituto de Astrofísica e Ciências do Espaço) and the Faculty of Sciences of the University of Porto, Portugal. “PoET observations could be key to the discovery and characterisation of exoplanets, which may currently be hidden in the noise.” Exoplanets — worlds outsideour SolarSystem—aremostlydetected and studied by looking at the light fromtheirhoststar,oftenbylook- ing at small changes in the star’s spectrum (the light split into its componentcoloursorfrequencies). Butstellaractivitycanproducesig- nalsthatdrownout,orevenmimic, thoseexpectedfromanorbiting planet. Much like sunspots alter sunlight, surface activity on other stars distorts their spectrum in away that can be measured, as ‘noise’, with current exoplanet- hunting instrumentation. But re- moving this noise from the spectraof distant stars is challenging, be- cause we don’t fully understandhow stellar activity changes thelight we observe. The solution:learnfromourneareststar,th eSun. PoET’s design makes it uniquely ca- pable of using the Sun to under- stand the spectra of distant stars. It has a telescope, with a mirror 60- centimetreindiameter,thatgathers light from specific areas of the Sun, such as individual sunspots, probing the signatures of stellar activity. PoET also includes a smaller tele- scope that collects light from the entire visible surface of the Sun (the solar disc). “We will be able to analysevery specificareasoftheSun,withavery high resolution, in a way never done before,” says Alexandre Cabral, PoET co-Principal Investiga- tor and a researcher at IA and the Faculty of Sciences of the University ofLisbon,Portugal.Byobservingsi- multaneously both the solar disc andindividualsurfacefeatures,as- tronomers can determine exactly how stellar activity changes the solar spectrum. This can then be usedasaguidetopreciselyremove “noise”fromdistantstarsthatmay be harbouring exoplanets. To ensure the Sun can be compared to distant solar-type stars, the team needed a precise instrument de- signed for exoplanet research. “ESPRESSO is the top instrument in the field, so the choice was obvi- ous,” says Santos. Because ESPRES- SOisanextremelyprecise,high-res- olution spectrograph, it is capableof detecting tiny changes in the spectraofstars,typicallytofindor An exoplanet instrument on ESO’s Very Large Telescope (VLT) target- ingdistantstarsbynight,ESPRESSO will now also be used with PoET during the day to analyse solar spectra. “It is a great advantage to have ESPRESSO working in this way. By switchingfromtheVLTatnightto PoET during the day, we max- imise the usage of this instrumentto help us find and characterise ex- oplanets,” says ESO’s Alain Smette, VLT Operations Staff Astronomerand ESO contact person for PoET. “Thanks to the exceptional location of the Paranal Observatory, the number of available days when weather conditions are suitable for observations of the Sun is expected to be very similar to that for night- time observations.” PoET successfully completed its test observations, a process known as first light, in early April at ESO’s Paranal Observatory in Chile’s Ata- cama Desert. The first observations show that the system is working within the requirements and is able to acquire spectra of both the en- tire solar disc and specific areas of it. During the next weeks the team will test and optimise the system, before starting scientific observa- tions. PoET was designed and developed inPortugal,withfundsfromtheEu- ropean Research Council, and a team of 12 Portuguese researchers werepresentattheinstallationand testing of the solar telescope. Some components of PoET, including the main telescope, were built in Italy whilethetelescopedomewasbuilt by a Chilean company. The project is now being operated remotely from the Centre for Astro- physics of the University of Porto, Portugal.ThePoETdataanalysed by ESPRESSO will be made available tootherscientistsviatheESOSci- characteriseplanetsorbitingthem. enceArchiveFacility.    JULY-AUGUST2026 ﻣﺠﻠﺔ FreeAstronomy ﺎﻟﻌﺮ ﺔ 17 - ﻳﻮﻟﻴﻮ ﺃﻏﺴﻄﺲ 2 0 2 6 أﺟـﺮى ﺗﻠﺴﻜﻮب إتﺑﻮ اﻟﺸﻤـ ﴘـ ا ﺜﺒـﺖ ﰲ ﻣﻮﻗــﻊ ﺑﺎراﻧـﺎل اﻟﺘـﺎﺑﻊ ﻟﻠﻤﺮﺻــﺪ اﻷوروﺑـﻲ اﻟﺠﻨ ـﻮﺑﻲ ﰲ ﺗﺸـﻴﲇ أوﱃ أرﺻـﺎده اﻟﻔﻠﻜﻴ ـﺔ ﺑﻨﺠﺎح . وﺳﻴﻌﻤﻞ اﻟﺘﻠﺴﻜﻮب ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻌـﺎون ﻣـﻊ ﻣﻄﻴﺎف إﺳﱪﺳﻮ اﻟﺘـﺎﺑﻊ ﻟﻠﻤﺮﺻـﺪ ﻟﺪرا ﺳـﺔ اﻟﺸﻤﺲ ﺑﺘﻔﺎﺻﻴﻞ ﻏ ﻣﺴﺒﻮﻗﺔ . ﻳ ﻮﺻـﻒ إت ﺑـﻮ » ﺑﺄﻧـﻪ ﺗﻠﺴـﻜﻮب ﺷﻤـ ﴘ ـ ﻟﺼﺎﺋﺪي اﻟﻜﻮاﻛﺐ « ، إذ ﻳﻬﺪف إﱃ ﻓﻬﻢ ﻛﻴﻔﻴـﺔ ﺗﺄﺛ اﻟﺘﻐـ ات اﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻴـﺔ ﰲ ﺿـﻮء اﻟﻨﺠـﻮم اﻟﺸﺒﻴﻬﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺸﻤﺲ ﻋﲆ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎت اﻟﺒﺤـﺚ ﻋـﻦ اﻟﻜﻮاﻛـﺐ ﺧـﺎرج ﻧﻈﺎﻣﻨـﺎ اﻟﺸﻤﴘـ . ﻓﻬـﺬه اﻟﺘﻐ ـ ات ﻗ ـﺪ ﺗُﺨﻔــﻲ اﻹﺷـﺎرات اﻟﺪﻗﻴﻘ ـﺔ اﻟﺼـﺎدرة ﻋـﻦ اﻟﻜﻮاﻛـﺐ اﻟﺘـﻲ ﺗـﺪور ﺣـﻮل ﻧﺠﻮﻣﻬ ـﺎ أو ﺣﺘ ـﻰ ﺗﺤﺎﻛﻴﻬــﺎ ﻣﻤــﺎ ﻳﺠﻌ ـﻞ اﻛﺘﺸﺎف اﻟﻌﻮاﻟﻢ اﻟﺠﺪﻳﺪة أﻛﺜﺮ ﺻﻌﻮﺑﺔ . وﻗــﺎل ﻧﻮﻧــﻮ ﺳــﺎﻧﺘﻮس اﻟﺒﺎﺣـﺚ اﻟ ـﺮﺋﻴﺲ ﻟﻠﻤﴩوع ﻣﻦ ﻣﻌﻬﺪ اﻟﻔﻴﺰﻳﺎء اﻟﻔ ﻠﻜﻴﺔ وﻋﻠﻮم اﻟﻔﻀـﺎء وﻛﻠﻴـﺔ اﻟﻌﻠـ ﻮم ﺑﺠﺎﻣﻌـﺔ ﺑﻮرﺗـﻮ ﰲ اﻟﱪﺗﻐﺎل ﻳ»: ﻌﺪ اﻟﻀﺠﻴﺞ اﻟﻔﻴﺰﻳـﺎﺋﻲ اﻟﻔﻠﻜـﻲ اﻟﺼـﺎدر ﻣـﻦ اﻟﻨﺠـﻮم ا ﻀـﻴﻔﺔ أﺣـﺪ أﻛـﱪ اﻟﺘﺤـﺪﻳﺎت أﻣـﺎم اﻛﺘﺸـﺎف ﻛﻮاﻛـﺐ ﺷـﺒﻴﻬﺔ ﺑﺎﻷرض ﺗﺪور ﺣﻮل ﻧﺠﻮم ﺷﺒﻴﻬﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺸـﻤﺲ . وﻗﺪ ﺗﻜﻮن ارﺻﺎد ﺗﻠﺴﻜﻮب إت- ﺑـﻮ ﻣﻔﺘﺎﺣـﺎً ﻻﻛﺘﺸﺎف وﺗﻮﺻـﻴﻒ ﻛﻮاﻛـﺐ ﺧﺎرﺟﻴـﺔ ﻗـﺪ ﺗ ﻜﻮن ﻣﺨ ﺘﺒﺌﺔ ﺣﺎﻟﻴﺎً داﺧﻞ ﻫـﺬا اﻟﻀـﺠﻴﺞ . « ﺗ ﻜﺘﺸﻒ اﻟﻜﻮاﻛﺐ اﻟﺨﺎرﺟﻴﺔ ﰲ ﻣﻌﻈﻢ اﻷﺣﻴﺎن ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل دراﺳﺔ اﻟﻀﻮء اﻟﻘﺎدم ﻣﻦ ﻧ ﺠﻮﻣﻬـﺎ ا ﻀﻴﻔﺔ وﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﻋﱪ رﺻﺪ اﻟﺘﻐ ات اﻟﻄﻔﻴﻔﺔ ﰲ أﻃﻴﺎ ف ﺗﻠﻚ اﻟﻨﺠﻮم . ﻟﻜﻦ اﻟﻨﺸﺎط اﻟﻨﺠﻤـﻲ ﻣﺜـــﻞ اﻟﺒﻘـــﻊ اﻟﻨﺠﻤﻴـــﺔ واﻻﻧﻔﺠـــﺎرات ا ﻐﻨﺎﻃﻴﺴﻴﺔ ﻳﻮﻟﺪ إﺷﺎرات ﻗﺪ ﺗﻐﻤﺮ اﻹﺷ ﺎرات اﻟﻜﻮﻛﺒﻴﺔ اﻟﺤﻘﻴﻘﻴﺔ أو ﺗﻘﻠـﺪﻫﺎ . وﻛﻤـﺎ ﺗـﺆﺛﺮ اﻟﺒﻘـﻊ اﻟﺸﻤﺴـﻴﺔ ﰲ ﺿـﻮء اﻟﺸـﻤﺲ ﻓــﺈن اﻟﻨﺸﺎط اﻟﺴﻄﺤﻲ ﻋﲆ اﻟﻨﺠﻮم اﻷﺧﺮى ﻳﺸﻮه أﻃﻴﺎﻓﻬﺎ ﺑﻄﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﻗﻴﺎﺳﻬﺎ ﻋـﲆ ﺷـﻜﻞ ـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ « ﺿﺠﻴﺞ » ﰲ اﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧـﺎت اﻟﻔﻠﻜﻴـﺔ . إﻻ أن إزاﻟـﺔ ﻫﺬا اﻟﻀﺠﻴﺞ ﺑﺪﻗﺔ ﻻ ﺗﺰال ﺗﻤﺜﻞ ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺎً ﻛﺒـ اً ﻷن اﻟﻌﻠﻤﺎ ء ﻻ ﻳﻔﻬﻤﻮن ﺑﺎﻟﻜﺎﻣـﻞ ﺑﻌـﺪ ﻛﻴـﻒ ﻳﻐ اﻟﻨﺸﺎط اﻟﻨﺠﻤﻲ اﻟﻀﻮء اﻟـﺬي ﻧﺮﺻـﺪه . اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻢ ﻣﻦ أﻗـﺮب ﻧﺠـﻢ إﻟﻴﻨـﺎ ﺗﻜﻤـﻦ ﻓﻜـﺮة ـ ا ـ ﴩوع ﰲ اﺳـﺘﺨﺪام اﻟﺸـﻤﺲ ﻛﻨﻤـﻮذج ﻣﺮﺟﻌﻲ ﻟﻔﻬﻢ اﻟﻨﺠﻮم اﻷﺧﺮى . ﻤﻢ ﺻوﻗﺪ ﺗﻠﺴﻜﻮب ﺑﻮ إت ﺧﺼﻴﺼﺎً ﻟﺘﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﺬا اﻟﻬﺪف ﻫ . ﻳﺤﺘـﻮي اﻟﺘﻠﺴـﻜﻮب ﻋـﲆ ﻣـﺮآة رﺋﻴﺴﻴﺔ ﺑﻘﻄﺮ 60 ﺳﻨﺘﻴﻤﱰاً ﺗﻤ ﻨﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺟﻤـﻊ اﻟﻀـﻮء ﻣـﻦ ﻣﻨـﺎﻃﻖ ﻣﺤـﺪدة ﻋـﲆ ﺳـﻄﺢ اﻟﺸـﻤﺲ ﻣﺜـﻞ اﻟﺒﻘـﻊ اﻟﺸﻤﺴـﻴﺔ اﻟﻨﺸـﻄﺔ ودراﺳﺔ ﺑﺼﻤﺎﺗﻬﺎ اﻟﻄﻴﻔﻴﺔ ﺑﺪﻗﺔ ﻋﺎﻟﻴﺔ . ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﻀﻢ ﺗﻠﺴـﻜﻮﺑﺎً أﺻـﻐﺮ ﻳﻠـﺘﻘﻂ اﻟﻀـﻮء اﻟﻘﺎدم ﻣﻦ ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ﻗﺮص اﻟﺸﻤﺲ ا ﺮﺋﻲ . وﻗـﺎل أﻟﻜﺴـﻨﺪر ﻛـﺎﺑﺮال ا ﻟﺒﺎﺣـﺚ ا ﺸـﺎرك اﻟﺮﺋﻴﺲ ﰲ ا ـ ـ ﴩوع ﻣـﻦ ﻣﻌﻬـﺪ اﻟﻔﻴﺰﻳـﺎء اﻟﻔﻠﻜﻴﺔ وﻋﻠﻮم اﻟﻔﻀﺎء وﻛﻠﻴﺔ اﻟﻌﻠﻮم ﺑﺠﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﻟﺸـﺒﻮﻧﺔ :» ﺳـﻨﺘﻤﻜﻦ ﻣـﻦ ﺗﺤﻠﻴــﻞ ﻣﻨـﺎﻃﻖ ﻣﺤـﺪدة ﺟـﺪاً ﻣــﻦ اﻟﺸــﻤﺲ ﺑﺪﻗـﺔ ﻓﺎﺋﻘـﺔ وﺑﻄﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﻟﻢ ﺗُﻨﻔﺬ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ . « وﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل ﻣﺮاﻗﺒـﺔ ﻗـﺮص اﻟﺸـﻤﺲ ﻛـﺎﻣﻼً وﻣﻨ ﺎﻃﻖ اﻟﻨﺸﺎط اﻟﺴﻄﺤﻲ ﰲ اﻟﻮﻗﺖ ﻧﻔﺴـﻪ ﺳﻴﺘﻤﻜﻦ ا ﻟﻌﻠﻤﺎء ﻣﻦ ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ اﻟﺘـﺄﺛ اﻟـﺪﻗﻴﻖ ﻟﻠﻨﺸﺎط اﻟﻨﺠﻤﻲ ﻋﲆ اﻟﻄﻴﻒ اﻟﺸﻤﴘ . وﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺑﻌﺪ ذﻟﻚ اﺳﺘﺨﺪام ﻫﺬه ا ﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻹزاﻟﺔ اﻟﻀﺠﻴﺞ ﻣﻦ أﻃﻴﺎف اﻟﻨﺠﻮم اﻟﺒﻌﻴﺪة اﻟﺘﻲ ﻗـﺪ ﺗﺴﺘﻀﻴﻒ ﻛﻮاﻛﺐ ﺧﺎرﺟﻴـﺔ . ـﺎذا ﻣﻄﻴـﺎف إﺳﱪﺳﻮ ؟ ﻟﻜﻲ ﺗﺼﺒﺢ ا ﻘﺎرﻧﺎت ﺑ اﻟﺸﻤﺲ واﻟﻨﺠﻮم ا ﻟﺸﺒﻴﻬﺔ ﺑﻬﺎ ذات ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﻋﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﻋﺎﻟﻴﺔ اﺣﺘﺎج اﻟﻔﺮﻳﻖ إﱃ اﺳﺘﺨﺪام أداة ﻓﺎﺋﻘﺔ اﻟﺪﻗـﺔ ﻣﺼــﻤﻤﺔ أﺻــﻼً ﻟﻠﺒﺤــﺚ ﻋــﻦ اﻟﻜﻮاﻛــﺐ اﻟﺨﺎرﺟﻴﺔ . وﻗﺎل ﺳـﺎﻧﺘﻮس ﻳُﻌـﺪ »: ﻣﻄﻴـﺎف إﺳﱪﺳﻮ أﻓﻀـﻞ أ داة ﻣﺘﺎﺣـﺔ ﺣﺎﻟﻴـﺎً ﰲ ﻫـﺬا ا ﺠﺎل وﻟﺬﻟﻚ ﻛﺎن اﻻﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﺑﺪﻳﻬﻴﺎً «. وﻳﺘﻤﻴﺰ إﺳﱪﺳﻮ ﺑﺄﻧﻪ ﻣﻄﻴـﺎف ﻋـﺎﱄ اﻟﺪﻗـﺔ ﻗﺎدر ﻋـﲆ رﺻـﺪ ﺗﻐـ ات دﻗﻴﻘـﺔ ﻟﻠﻐﺎﻳـﺔ ﰲ أﻃﻴﺎ ف اﻟﻨﺠﻮم وﻫﻲ اﻟﻘﺪرة اﻟﺘﻲ ﺟﻌﻠﺘﻪ أﺣـﺪ أﻫﻢ اﻷدوات اﻟﻌﺎ ﻴﺔ ا ﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﺔ ﰲ اﻛﺘﺸـﺎف اﻟﻜﻮاﻛـﺐ اﻟﺨﺎرﺟﻴـﺔ ودراﺳـﺔ ﺧﺼﺎﺋﺼـﻬﺎ . وﻋﺎدةً ﻣﺎ ﻳﻌﻤﻞ اﻟﺠﻬﺎز ﻟﻴﻼً ﻋـﲆ اﻟﺘﻠﺴـﻜﻮب اﻟﻜﺒـ ﺟـﺪاً ﻟﺮﺻـﺪ اﻟﻨﺠـﻮم اﻟ ﺒﻌﻴـﺪة ﻟﻜﻨـﻪ ﺳﻴُﺴﺘﺨﺪم اﻵن ﻧﻬﺎراً ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻌﺎون ﻣﻊ ﺗﻠﺴﻜﻮب إت-ﺑﻮ ﻟﺘﺤ ﻠﻴﻞ أﻃﻴـﺎف اﻟﺸـﻤﺲ . وﻗـﺎ ل آﻻن ﺳﻤﻴﺖ ﻋﺎﻟﻢ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎت اﻟﺘﻠﺴﻜﻮب اﻟﻜﺒ ﺟـﺪاً وا ﺴﺆول ﻋﻦ ا ـ ﴩوع ﰲ ا ﺮﺻﺪ اﻷوروﺑـﻲ اﻟﺠﻨﻮﺑﻲ : » ﻳﻤﺜﻞ ﻫﺬا اﻻﺳﺘﺨﺪام ﻣﻴﺰة ﻛﺒـ ة ﻓﺒﺪﻻً ﻣﻦ ﺗﺸﻐﻴﻞ ﻣﻄﻴﺎف إﺳﱪﺳﻮ ﻟﻴﻼً ﻓﻘﻂ ﻣﻊ اﻟﺘﻠﺴﻜﻮب اﻟﻜﺒ ﺟﺪاً، ﻳﻤﻜﻦ اﻻﺳـﺘﻔﺎدة ﻣﻨﻪ ﻧ ﻬﺎراً أﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻊ ﺗﻠﺴﻜﻮب إتﺑﻮ ﻣﻤﺎ ﻳﺰﻳﺪ ﻣﻦ ﻛﻔﺎءة اﺳﺘﺨﺪاﻣﻪ وﻳﺴﺎﻋﺪﻧﺎ ﰲ اﻛﺘﺸـﺎف اﻟﻜﻮاﻛﺐ اﻟﺨﺎرﺟﻴﺔ وﺗﻮﺻﻴﻔﻬﺎ . « وأﺿﺎف أن ا ﻮﻗﻊ اﻻﺳﺘﺜﻨﺎﺋﻲ ﺮﺻﺪ ﺑﺎراﻧـﺎل ﰲ ﺻﺤﺮاء أﺗﺎﻛﺎﻣﺎ ﻳﺠﻌﻞ ﻋﺪد اﻷﻳﺎم ا ﻨﺎﺳـﺒﺔ ﻟﺮﺻﺪ اﻟﺸﻤﺲ ﻗﺮﻳﺒﺎً ﺟـﺪاً ﻣـﻦ ﻋـﺪد اﻟﻠﻴـﺎﱄ ا ﻨﺎﺳﺒﺔ ﻟﻠﺮﺻﺪ اﻟﻔﻠﻜﻲ . ﻧﺠـﺎح أول اﻟﻀـﻮء أﻛﻤﻞ ﺗﻠﺴﻜﻮب إتﺑﻮ ﺑﻨﺠﺎح ﻣﺮﺣﻠﺔ » اﻟﻀﻮء اﻷول « ﰲ أواﺋﻞ أﺑﺮﻳﻞ داﺧﻞ ﻣﺮﺻﺪ ﺑﺎراﻧـﺎل ﰲ ﺻﺤﺮاء أﺗﺎﻛﺎﻣﺎ اﻟﺘﺸﻴﻠﻴﺔ . وأﻇﻬﺮت اﻻﺧﺘﺒﺎرات اﻷوﻟﻴﺔ أن اﻟﻨﻈﺎم ﻳﻌﻤـﻞ وﻓـﻖ ا ﺘﻄﻠﺒــﺎت اﻟﺘﺼـﻤﻴﻤﻴﺔ وﻗــﺎدر ﻋ ـﲆ اﻟﺤﺼﻮل ﻋﲆ أﻃﻴﺎف ﻟﻜﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺮص اﻟﺸﻤﺲ اﻟﻜﺎﻣﻞ وﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻣﺤﺪدة ﻣﻦ ﺳﻄﺤﻬﺎ . وﺧﻼل اﻷﺳﺎﺑﻴﻊ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴـﺔ ﺳﻴﻮاﺻـﻞ اﻟﻔﺮﻳـﻖ اﺧﺘﺒـﺎر اﻟﻨﻈـﺎم وﺗﺤﺴـ أداﺋـﻪ ﻗﺒـﻞ ﺑـﺪء اﻟﱪﻧﺎﻣﺞ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ اﻟﻜﺎﻣﻞ ﻟﻠﺮﺻﺪ . وﻗﺪ ﺟﺮى ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ وﺗﻄﻮﻳﺮ ﺗﻠﺴـﻜﻮب إت ﺑـﻮ ﰲ اﻟﱪﺗﻐﺎل ﺑ ﺘﻤﻮﻳـﻞ ﻣـﻦ ا ﺠﻠـﺲ اﻷوروﺑـﻲ ﻟﻠﺒﺤﻮث وﺷﺎرك 12 ﺑﺎﺣﺜﺎً ﺑﺮﺗﻐﺎﻟﻴﺎً ﰲ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎت ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺐ اﻟﺘﻠﺴﻜﻮب واﺧﺘﺒـﺎره . ﻛﻤـﺎ ﺻُـﻨﻌﺖ ﺑﻌـﺾ ﻣﻜﻮﻧ ﺎﺗـﻪ، ﺑﻤ ـﺎ ﰲ ذﻟـﻚ اﻟﺘﻠﺴــﻜﻮب اﻟﺮﺋﻴﴘـ، ﰲ إﻳﻄﺎﻟﻴـﺎ، ﺑﻴﻨﻤـﺎ ﻗﺎﻣــﺖﴍﻛـﺔ ﺗﺸﻴﻠﻴﺔ ﺑﺒﻨﺎء اﻟﻘﺒﺔ اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺆوﻳﻪ . وﻳ ﺪار ا ﴩوع ﺣﺎﻟﻴـﺎً ﻋـﻦ ﺑُﻌـﺪ ﻣـﻦ ﻣﺮﻛـﺰ اﻟﻔﻴﺰﻳﺎء ا ﻟﻔﻠﻜﻴﺔ ﺑﺠﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﺑﻮرﺗﻮ ﰲ اﻟﱪﺗﻐـﺎل ﻋﲆ أن ﺗُﺘﺎح اﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎت اﻟﺘﻲ ﻳﺠﻤﻌﻬﺎ ﺗﻠﺴﻜﻮب إتﺑﻮ وﻳﺤﻠﻠﻬـﺎ ﻣﻄﻴـﺎف إﺳﱪﺳـﻮ ﻟﺠﻤﻴـﻊ اﻟﺒﺎﺣﺜ ﻋﱪ أرﺷﻴﻒ اﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎت اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ اﻟﺘﺎﺑﻊ ﻟﻠﻤﺮﺻﺪ اﻷوروﺑﻲ اﻟﺠﻨﻮﺑﻲ ﻳو ﺘﻮﻗﻊ أن ﻳﻔﺘﺢ ﻫﺬا اﻹﺗﺎﺣﺔ اﻟﻮاﺳﻌﺔ ﻟﻠﺒﻴﺎﻧـﺎت اﻟﺒـﺎب أﻣـﺎم ﺗﻌﺎون ﻋﻠﻤﻲ دوﱄ أوﺳﻊ ﺑ ا ﺮاﺻﺪ وﻣﺮاﻛﺰ اﻷﺑﺤﺎث ﻣﻤﺎ ﻳﺴﻤﺢ ﺑﺘﻄﻮﻳﺮ ﻧﻤﺎذج أﻛﺜﺮ دﻗﺔ ﺤﺎﻛﺎة اﻟﻨﺸﺎط اﻟﻨﺠﻤﻲ وﻓﻬـﻢ ﺗـﺄﺛ ه ﻋـﲆ اﻟ ﻘﻴﺎﺳﺎت اﻟﻄﻴﻔﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻜﻮاﻛﺐ ا ﻟﺨﺎرﺟﻴﺔ . ﻳﻤﺜﻞ ﻫﺬا ا ﴩوع ﺧﻄﻮة ﻣﻬﻤﺔ ﻧﺤﻮ ﺗﺤﺴ ﻗﺪرﺗﻨﺎ ﻋﲆ اﻟﺘﻤﻴﻴﺰ ﺑ اﻹﺷـﺎرات اﻟﻜﻮﻛﺒﻴـﺔ اﻟﺤﻘﻴﻘﻴﺔ واﻟﻀﺠﻴﺞ اﻟﻨﺠﻤﻲ، وﻫـﻮ ﻣـﺎ ﻗـﺪ ﻳﺴﻬﻢ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﺒﻼً ﰲ اﻛﺘﺸﺎف ﻛﻮاﻛـﺐ ﺷـﺒﻴﻬﺔ ﺑـﺎﻷرضﻛﺎﻧـﺖ ﻣﺨﺘﻔﻴـﺔ ﺣﺘـﻰ اﻵن وﺳـﻂ ﺗﻘﻠﺒﺎت ﺿﻮء ﻧﺠﻮﻣﻬﺎ ا ﻀﻴﻔﺔ . اﻟﺼــــــــــــﻔﺤﺔ اﻟﺴــــــــــــﺎ ﻘﺔ : ﺗﻠﺴـــــــــــــ ﻮب ﺎراﻧـــــــــــــﺎل اﻟﺸﻤﺴــــﻲ اﻟـــــ ـ ـــــﺎف إﺳ ﺴـــــ ﺨﺎص ﻤﻄ ﻮ ﻈﻬـــــﺮ ( إت ﺑــــــﻮ)ﻫﻨــــــﺎ ﺎً ﻣﻮﺟﻬــــــ ﻧﺤــــــﻮ اﻟﺸــــــﻤﺲ . ﻳﺤﺘــــــﻮي اﻟﺘﻠﺴ ﻮب اﻟﺮ ﺴﻲ ﻋﻠﻰﻣﺮآة ﻗﻄﺮﻫﺎ 60 ﺳـﻢ ﺗ ﻤــــﻊ اﻟ ﻀـــــﻮء ﻣـــــﻦ ﻣﻨـــــﺎﻃﻖ ﺻـــــﻐ ة ﻣـــــﻦ ﻗـــــﺮص اﻟﺸـﻤﺲ ــﺎف ﺼــﺮ ﺔ إﻟــﻰ ــﺪ ﺗﻮﺟﻴﻬــﮫ ﻋــ أﻟ وﺗﻌ ـــــــﺎف إﺳ ﺳـــــــﻮ اﻟﺘـــــــﺎﺑﻊ ﻟﻠﻤﺮﺻـــــــﺪ اﻷوروﺑــــــــﻲ ﻣﻄ ـ اﻟـ ﻣﺠـﺎور ــ ﺠﻨﻮﺑﻲ ﻓـﻲﻣ . ﺛــﻢ ﻘـﻮم إﺳ ﺳــﻮ ﺘﺤﻠﻴـﻞ ﺿـﻮء اﻟﺸـﻤﺲﻫــﺬا إﻟـﻰ أﻟﻮاﻧــﮫ اﻟﻤ ﻮﻧــﺔ ﻟﮫ ﺪﻗﺔ ﻋﺎﻟ ﺔ . [A. Cabral/IA]