Free Astronomy Magazine May-June 2026 ARABIC VERSION

observatories.Suchmeasuresarees- sential to allow astronomical obser- vatories to continue operating, particularly in a region widely re- garded as the best in the world for optical astronomy facilities, owingto the exceptional darkness of the skies over northern Chile. “We will continue to work in close collaboration with local, regional, and national authorities to protect the dark skies of northern Chile, an irreplaceablenaturalheritagethatis essential for advancing our under- standing of the Universe and to en- able world-class astronomy for the benefit of Chile and the global sci- entific community ,” says Itziar de Gregorio-Monsalvo, ESO’s Represen- tative in Chile. “It has been incredi- blyreassuringtoseesomanypeople in Chile and around the world care deeply about, and actively speak up for,theprotectionofdarkandquiet skiesinthecontextoftheINNAproj- ect,” saysBarcons. “Wearesincerely grateful for this engagement and solidarity.Itgivesusconfidencethat, by working together, we can con- tinuetoprotectdarkandquietskies inChileandelsewhere—forastron- omyresearchandforhumankind.” Sincetheprojectwassubmittedto SEAinDecember2024,membersof theastronomycommunityinChile, inESO’sMemberStatesandbeyond, political leaders and authorities at international,national,regionaland locallevel,aswellascountlessmem- bersofthepublic,havemadetheir voices heard in support of this shared goal. ESO will continue to intensify its efforts to ensure that the pristine skiesofParanalremaintheworld’s best window to observe the Uni- verse,andisalsocommittedtothe broaderfightagainstlightpollution and satellite interference, helping secure the natural heritage of dark andquietskiesaroundtheworldfor futuregenerations.     MAY-JUNE2026 ﻣﺠﻠﺔ FreeAstronomy ﺎﻟﻌﺮ ﺔ 43 اﻻﺳﺘﺜﻨﺎﺋﻲ ﰲ ﺷﻤﺎل ﺗﺸﻴﲇ . وﺗﻘـﻮل إﻳﺘﺰﻳـﺎر دي ﻏﺮﻳﻐﻮرﻳﻮ - ﻣﻮﻧﺴـﺎﻟﻔﻮ، ﻣﻤﺜﻠـﺔ ا ﺮﺻـﺪ اﻷوروﺑـﻲ اﻟﺠﻨــﻮﺑﻲ ﰲ ﺗﺸـﻴﲇ :» ﺳﻨﻮاﺻـﻞ اﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﺑﺘﻌﺎون وﺛﻴﻖ ﻣـﻊ اﻟﺴـﻠﻄﺎت ا ﺤﻠﻴـﺔ واﻹﻗﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ واﻟﻮﻃﻨﻴﺔ ﻟﺤﻤﺎﻳﺔ ﺳـﻤﺎء ﺷـﻤﺎل ﺗﺸﻴﲇ ا ﻈﻠﻤﺔ وﻫـﻮ إرث ﻃﺒﻴﻌـﻲ ﻻ ﻳﻤﻜـﻦ ﺗﻌﻮﻳﻀـﻪ، ﴐوري ﻟﺘﻌﺰﻳـﺰ ﻓﻬﻤﻨـﺎ ﻟﻠﻜـﻮن وﺗﻤﻜــ اﻟﻔﻠــﻚ اﻟﻌــﺎ ﻲ ﻟﺼــﺎﻟﺢ ﺗﺸــﻴﲇ وا ﺠﺘﻤﻊ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ اﻟﺪوﱄ « . وأﺿﺎف ﺑﺎرﻛﻮﻧﺰ :» ﻟﻘﺪ ﻛﺎن ﻣﻦ ا ﻄﻤﱧ ﺟﺪاً رؤﻳﺔ ا ﻟﻜﺜ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻨﺎس ﰲ ﺗﺸﻴﲇ وﺣﻮل اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻢ ﻳﻬﺘﻤﻮن ﺑﻌﻤﻖ وﻳﺘﺤﺪﺛﻮن ﺑﻨﺸﺎط ﻣـﻦ أﺟـﻞ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺔ اﻟﺴﻤﺎء ا ﻈﻠﻤـﺔ واﻟﻬﺎدﺋـﺔ ﰲ ﺳـﻴﺎق ﻣﴩوع إﻳﻨـﺎ . ﻧﺤـﻦ ﻣﻤﺘﻨـ ﻮن ﺑﺼـﺪق ﻟﻬـﺬا اﻟﺘﻔﺎﻋﻞ واﻟﺘﻀﺎﻣﻦ ﻓﻬﻮ ﻳﻤﻨﺤﻨﺎ اﻟﺜﻘـﺔ ﺑﺄﻧـﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﻣﻌـﺎً ﻳﻤﻜﻨﻨـﺎ اﻻﺳـﺘﻤﺮار ﰲ ﺣﻤﺎﻳـﺔ اﻟﺴﻤﺎء ا ﻈﻠﻤﺔ واﻟﻬﺎدﺋﺔ ﰲ ﺗﺸـﻴﲇ وأﻣـﺎﻛ ﻦ أﺧﺮى ﻣـﻦ أﺟـﻞ أﺑﺤـﺎث اﻟﻔﻠـﻚ وﻣـﻦ أﺟـﻞ اﻟﺒﴩﻳﺔ « . وﻣﻨﺬ ﺗﻘـﺪﻳﻢ ا ـ ـ ﴩوع إﱃ ﻫﻴﺌـﺔ اﻟﺘﻘﻴﻴﻢ اﻟﺒﻴﺌـﻲ اﻟﺘﺸـﻴﻠﻴﺔ ﰲ دﻳﺴـﻤﱪ 2024 أﺑـﺪى أﻋﻀـﺎء ا ﺠﺘﻤـﻊ اﻟﻔﻠﻜـﻲ ﰲ ا ﺮﺻـﺪ اﻷوروﺑﻲ اﻟﺠﻨﻮﺑﻲ ﺗﺸـﻴﲇ و اﻟـ ﺪول اﻷﻋﻀـﺎء ـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ وﺧﺎرﺟﻬﺎ واﻟﻘﺎدة اﻟﺴﻴﺎﺳـﻴﻮن واﻟﺴـﻠﻄﺎت ﻋـﲆ ا ﺴـﺘﻮى اﻟـﺪوﱄ واﻟـﻮﻃﻨﻲ واﻹﻗﻠﻴﻤـﻲ وا ﺤﲇ، ﺑﺎﻹﺿﺎﻓﺔ إﱃ ﻋـﺪد ﻻ ﻳﺤـ ـ ﴡ ﻣـﻦ اﻟﺠﻤﻬﻮ ر، دﻋﻤﻬﻢ ﻟﻬﺬا اﻟﻬﺪف ا . ﺸﱰك وﻗﺪ ﻋﻜﺲ ﻫﺬا اﻟﺤﺮاك اﻟﻮاﺳﻊ إدراﻛﺎً ﻣﺘﺰاﻳﺪاً ﻷﻫﻤﻴﺔ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺔ اﻟﺒﻴﺌﺎت اﻟﻔﻠﻜﻴﺔ اﻟﻔﺮ ﻳـﺪة ﻣـﻦ أي ﺗﻬﺪﻳﺪات ﺻﻨﺎﻋﻴﺔ . ﻛﻤﺎ أﻇﻬﺮت ا ﻨﺎﻗﺸﺎت اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ واﻟﺘﻘﻨﻴﺔ اﻟﺘﻲ راﻓﻘﺖ دراﺳﺔ ا ﴩوع ﻣﺴﺘﻮى ﻋﺎﻟﻴﺎً ﻣﻦ اﻟﺘﻨﺴﻴﻖ ﺑـ ا ﺆﺳﺴـﺎت اﻟﺒﺤﺜﻴﺔ واﻟﺠﻬﺎت اﻟﺘﻨﻈﻴﻤﻴﺔ ﺑﻬﺪف ﺗﺤﻘﻴـﻖ ﺗــﻮازن دﻗﻴــﻖ ﺑــ ﻣﺘﻄﻠﺒــﺎت اﻟﺘﻨﻤﻴــﺔ اﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎدﻳﺔ واﻟﺤﻔﺎظ ﻋﲆ ا ـﻮارد اﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻴـﺔ وأﺳﻬﻤﺖ ﻫﺬه اﻟﺠﻬﻮد ﰲ ﺗﻌﺰﻳﺰ اﻟﻮﻋﻲ اﻟﻌـﺎم ﺑﻘﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﺴﻤﺎء ا ﻈﻠﻤﺔ . ﻴوﺳ ﻮاﺻﻞ ا ﺮﺻﺪ اﻷوروﺑﻲ اﻟﺠﻨﻮﺑﻲ ﺗﻜﺜﻴﻒ ﺟﻬﻮده ﻟﻀﻤﺎن أن ﺗﻈﻞ ﺳﻤﺎء ﺑﺎراﻧﺎل اﻟﺒﻜـﺮ أﻓﻀ ﻞ ﻧﺎﻓﺬة ﰲ اﻟﻌـﺎﻟﻢ ﺮاﻗﺒـﺔ اﻟﻜـﻮن ﻛﻤـﺎ ﺗﻠﺘﺰم أﻳﻀﺎً ﺑﺎ ﺴـﺎﻫﻤﺔ ﰲ ﻣﻜﺎﻓﺤـﺔ اﻟﺘﻠـﻮث اﻟﻀ ـﻮﺋﻲ واﻟﺘ ـ ﺪاﺧﻞ اﻟﻨ ـﺎﺗﺞ ﻋ ـﻦ اﻷﻗﻤ ـﺎر اﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺴﺎﻋﺪة ﰲ اﻟﺤﻔـﺎظ ﻋـﲆ اﻹرث اﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﻟﻠﺴـﻤﺎء ا ﻈﻠﻤـﺔ واﻟﻬﺎدﺋـﺔ ﺣـﻮل اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻢ ر ﻟﻸﺟﻴﺎل اﻟﻘﺎدﻣﺔ . ﺟﺒـﻞ ﺳـ و ﺎراﻧــﺎل ﻳ ﻠـﻎ ارﻔﺎﻋــﮫ اﻟـﺬ 2600 ﻣـــــــــ ﻈﻬـــــــــﺮﻓـــــــــﻲﺳـــــــــﻤﺎء ﺻـــــــــﺎﻓ ﺔ ﻣﻈﻠﻤــــــــــﺔ ﺗﺘﻮﺳـــــﻄﻬﺎ ﻣﺠـــــﺮة ـــــﺔ در اﻟﺘ ﺎﻧــــــﺔ اﻟﻤﻬﻴ ﻣﻤــــــﺎ ﻌﻜـــﺲ ــــﺔ اﻟﻤﻤﺘـــﺎزة ﻓـــﻲ ﺎراﻧــــﺎل ﻇـــﺮوف اﻟﺮؤ ﺗﺘﻤﺘــــــﻊ ﺑﺤــــــﻮاﻟﻲ اﻟـــــ 300 ﻟ ﻠـــــﺔ ﺻــــــﺎﻓ ﺔ ﻓــــــﻲ اﻟﺴﻨﺔ . ﺎﻧﺖ ﻇﺮوف اﻟ ﺮؤ ﺔ ﻫﺬﻩ ﻋﺎﻣﻼً ر ﺴـ ﺎً ﻓــــﻲﻗــــﺮار ﻨــــﺎء اﻟ ﺘﻠﺴــــ ﻮب اﻟﻜﺒــــ ﺟــــﺪاً اﻟﺘــــﺎﺑﻊ ﻟ ﻠﻤﺮﺻﺪ اﻷوروﺑﻲ اﻟ ـ ﺠﻨﻮﺑﻲ ﻫﻨﺎ ﻤﻜـﻦ واﻟـﺬ رؤ ﺘــــﮫ ﺑﻮﺿــــﻮح ﻋﻠــــﻰﻗﻤـــــﺔ اﻟــــ ـ ﺠﺒﻞ ﻓــــﻲﻫـــــﺬﻩ اﻟﺼـــــﻮرة . اﻟ ُﻌـــــﺪ ﺘﻠﺴـــــ ﻮب اﻟﻜﺒـــــ ﺟـــــﺪاً أ ﺣـــــﺪث أداة ﺼـﺮ ﺔ ﻣﺘﻄــﻮرة ﻓـﻲ اﻟﻌـﺎﻟﻢ وﻫــﻮ أداة ﻻ ــﺜﻤﻦ ﺗﺴــﺎﻋﺪ ﻋﻠﻤــﺎء اﻟﻔﻠــﻚ ﻋﻠــﻰ دراﺳــﺔ ﺗﻘــﺪر ـــــﻮن وﺗﻌﺰ ـــــﺰ اﻟ ﻓﻬﻤﻨـــــﺎ ﻟـــــﮫ . ﻓـــــﻲﻫـــــﺬا اﻟﺼـــــﺪد اﻟ ﻌﺘـــــــ ﺘﻠﺴـــــــ ﻮب اﻟﻜﺒـــــــ ﺟـــــــﺪاً أﻛـــــــ واﻫـــــــﻢ اﻟﻤﺮاﻓــــــــﻖ اﻷرﺿــــــــ ﺔ إﻧ ــــــــﺔ ﺘﺎﺟ ﻋﻠــــــــﻰﻣﺴــــــــﺘﻮى اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻢ إﻟﻰ ﻧﺸﺮﻣﺎ ﻳﺰ ﺪ ﻋﻦ ورﻗﺔ ﺣ ﺚ ﻳﺆد ﻋﻠﻤ ﺔ ﻣ ﻤﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﻳﻮﻣ ﺎً . [A. Ghizzi Panizza/ESO] - ﻣﺎﻳﻮ ﻳﻮﻧﻴﻮ 2 0 2 6