Free Astronomy Magazine May-June 2026 ARABIC VERSION

MAY-JUNE2026 25 author of the study published in Na- ture Astronomy . “Our observations reveal a powerful outflow that, ac- cording to our current understand- ing, shouldn’t be there,” says KrystianIłkiewicz,apostdoctoralre- searcher at the Nicolaus Copernicus Astronomical Center in Warsaw, Poland and study co-lead. ‘Outflow’ is the term used by astronomers to describethematerialthatisejected from celestial objects. The star RXJ0528+2838 is located 730 light-years away and, like the Sun and other stars, it rotates around our galaxy’s centre. As it moves, it interacts with the gas that permeates the space between stars, creating a type of shock wave called abowshock, “acurvedarcofmate- rial,similartothewavethatbuilds upinfrontofaship,” explainsNoel Castro Segura, research fellow at theUniversityofWarwickintheUK and collaborator in this study. These bow shocks are usually cre- ated by material outflowing from the central star, but in the case of RXJ0528+2838, none of the known mechanisms can fully explain the observations. RXJ0528+2838 is a whitedwarf—theleft-overcoreof a dying low-mass star — and has a Sun-like companion orbiting it. In such binary systems, the material from the companion star is trans- ferred to the white dwarf,oftenform- ing a disc around it. While the disc fuelsthedeadstar, someofthemate- rialalsogetseject- edintospace,cre- atingpowerfulout- flows.ButRXJ0528 +2838 shows no signsofadisc,mak- ing the origin of the outflow and resulting nebula around the star a mystery. “The sur- prise that a sup- posedlyquiet,disc- less system could drive such a spec- tacularnebulawas one of those rare ‘wow’ moments,” says Scaringi. The teamfirstspotted a strange nebulosity around RX- J0528+2838 on images from theIsaac Newton Telescope in Spain. Noticing its unusual shape, they ob- served it in more detail with the MUSE instrument on ESO’s VLT. “Ob- servations with the ESO MUSE in- strument allowed us to map thebow shock in detail and analyse its composition.Thiswascrucialtocon- firm that the structure really origi- nates from the binary system and not from an unrelated nebula or in- terstellar cloud,” Iłkiewicz explains. Theshapeandsizeofthebowshock 25 ﻣﺠﻠﺔ FreeAstronomy ﺎﻟﻌﺮ ﺔ ذﻟﻚ أﻧﻪ ﻏ ﻣﺘﻮﻗﻊ ﺗﻤﺎﻣ . «ﺎ ﻳﻀﻴﻒ ﻛﺮﻳﺴﺘﻴﺎن إﻳﻮﻛﻔﻴﺘﺶ ﺑﺎﺣﺚ ﻣﺎ ﺑﻌـﺪ اﻟﺪﻛﺘﻮرا ه ﰲ ﻣﺮﻛـﺰ ﻧﻴﻜـﻮﻻس ﻛﻮ ﺑﺮﻧﻴﻜـﻮس اﻟﻔﻠﻜ ـﻲ ﰲ وارﺳـﻮ ﺑﺒﻮﻟﻨ ـﺪا وأﺣ ـﺪ اﻟﻘ ـﺎدة ا ﺸﺎرﻛ ﰲ اﻟﺪراﺳﺔ :» ﺗﻜﺸﻒ أرﺻﺎ دﻧﺎ ﻋـﻦ ﺗﺪﻓﻖ ﺧﺎرﺟﻲ ﻗﻮي وﻫﻮ أﻣﺮ ﺑﺤﺴﺐ ﻓﻬﻤﻨـﺎ اﻟﺤــﺎﱄ ﻻ ﻳﻤﻜــﻦ أن ﻳﻜــﻮن ﻣﻮﺟــﻮداً « . وﻳ ﺴﺘﺨﺪم ﻣﺼﻄﻠﺢ » اﻟﺘـﺪﻓﻖ اﻟﺨـﺎرﺟﻲ ﰲ « ﻋﻠﻢ اﻟﻔﻠﻚ ﻟﻮﺻـﻒ ا ـﺎدة اﻟﺘـﻲ ﺗُﻘـﺬف ﻣـﻦ اﻷﺟﺮام اﻟﺴﻤﺎوﻳﺔ . ﻳﻘﻊ اﻟﻨﺠﻢ RXJ0528+2838 ﻋﲆ ﺑُﻌﺪ 730 ﺳـﻨﺔ ﺿـﻮﺋﻴﺔ وﻛﻐـ ه ﻣـﻦ اﻟﻨﺠـﻮم ﻣﺜـﻞ اﻟﺸﻤﺲ ﻳﺪور ﺣﻮل ﻣﺮﻛـﺰ ﻣﺠﺮﺗﻨـﺎ وﺧـﻼل ﺣﺮﻛﺘﻪ ﻳﺘﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻣﻊ اﻟ ﻐﺎز اﻟﺬي ﻳﻤﻸ اﻟﻔﻀـﺎء ﺑ اﻟﻨﺠﻮم ﻣﻮﻟ ﱢ ﺪ ﺎُ ﻧﻮﻋ اُ ﻣﻦ ا ﻮﺟﺎت اﻟﺼﺪ ﻣﻴﺔ ﻳﻌـﺮف ﺑﺎﺳـﻢ » اﻟﺼـﺪﻣﺔ اﻟﻘﻮﺳـﻴﺔ « وﻫـﻲ » ﻗﻮس ﻣﻨﺤﻦٍ ﻣﻦ ا ﺎدة ﻳﺸـﺒﻪ ا ﻮﺟـﺔ اﻟﺘـﻲ ﺗﺘﺸﻜﻞ أﻣﺎم ﻣﻘﺪﻣﺔ اﻟ « ﺴﻔﻴﻨﺔ ﻛﻤـﺎ ﻳﻮﺿـﺢ ﻧﻮﻳﻞ ﻛﺎﺳـﱰو ﺳـﻴﻐﻮرا اﻟﺰﻣ ﻴـﻞ اﻟﺒﺤﺜـﻲ ﰲ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ وورﻳﻚ ﺑﺎ ﻤﻠﻜﺔ ا ﺘﺤﺪة وا ﺸـﺎرك ﰲ ﻫـﺬه اﻟﺪراﺳــﺔ . وﻋـﺎدة ﻣـﺎ ﺗﺘﻜـﻮّن ﻫ ـﺬه اﻟﺼﺪﻣﺎت اﻟﻘﻮﺳﻴﺔ ﻧﺘﻴﺠـﺔ ﺗـﺪﻓﻘﺎت ﻣﺎد ﻳـﺔ ﺻﺎدرة ﻣﻦ اﻟﻨﺠﻢ ا ﺮﻛـﺰي إﻻ أﻧـﻪ ﰲ ﺣﺎﻟـﺔ RXJ0528+2838 ﻻ ﺗﺴﺘﻄﻴﻊ أي ﻣﻦ اﻵﻟﻴﺎت ا ﻌﺮوﻓﺔ ﺗﻔﺴ ا ﺸﺎﻫﺪات ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﻛﺎﻣﻞ . ﻌﺪ ﻳ RXJ0528+2838 أﺑﻴﺾ ﺎً ﻗﺰﻣ وﻫﻮ اﻟﻠﺐ ا ﺘﺒﻘﻲ ﻟـﻨﺠﻢ ﻣـﻨﺨﻔﺾ اﻟﻜﺘﻠـﺔ ﰲ ﻣﺮاﺣﻠـﻪ اﻟﻨﻬﺎﺋﻴﺔ وﻳﺼﺎﺣﺒﻪ ﻧﺠﻢ ﺷﺒﻴﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﺸﻤﺲ ﻳﺪور . ﺣﻮﻟﻪ وﰲ ﻣﺜﻞ ﻫﺬه اﻷﻧﻈ ﻤﺔ اﻟﺜﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﺗﻨﺘﻘـﻞ ا ﺎدة ﻣﻦ اﻟـﻨﺠﻢ ا ﺮاﻓـﻖ إﱃ اﻟﻘـﺰم اﻷﺑـﻴﺾ ﺎً وﻏﺎﻟﺒ ﻣﺎ ﺗُﺸﻜّﻞ ﻗﺮﺻ ﺎً ﺗﺮاﻛﻤﻴًﺎ ﺣﻮﻟﻪ . وﺑﻴﻨﻤﺎ رﺻﺪ اﻟﻔﺮﻳﻖ ﻷول ﻣﺮة ﺳـﺪﻳﻤﺎً ﻏﺮﻳﺒـﺎً ﺣـﻮل RXJ0528+2838 ﰲ ﺻﻮر اﻟﺘﻘﻄﻬ ﺎ ﺗﻠﺴﻜﻮب إﺳﺤﺎق ﻧﻴـﻮﺗﻦ ﰲ إﺳـﺒﺎﻧﻴﺎ وﺑﻌـﺪ ﻣﻼﺣﻈـﺔ ﺷﻜﻠﻪ ﻏ ا ﻌﺘﺎد أﺟﺮوا أرﺻﺎد اً أﻛﺜﺮ ﺗﻔﺼﻴﻼً ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام أداة ﻣﻴﻮز ﻋﲆ اﻟﺘﻠﺴـﻜﻮب اﻟﻜﺒـ . ﺟﺪًا وﻳﻮﺿﺢ إﻳﻮﻛﻔﻴﺘﺶ :» أﺗﺎﺣﺖ ﻟﻨﺎ أرﺻﺎد أداة ﻣﻴﻮز اﻟﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺮﺻﺪ اﻷوروﺑﻲ اﻟﺠﻨﻮﺑﻲ رﺳﻢ ﺧﺮﻳﻄﺔ ﺗﻔﺼـﻴﻠﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺼـﺪﻣﺔ اﻟﻘﻮﺳـﻴﺔ وﺗﺤﻠﻴ ﻞ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒﻬﺎ . وﻛﺎن ذﻟﻚ ﺣﺎﺳـﻤً ﺎ ﻟﻠﺘﺄﻛـﺪ ﻣﻦ أن اﻟﺒﻨﻴﺔ ﺗﻨﺸﺄ ﻓﻌﻠﻴ ﺎً ﻣﻦ اﻟﻨﻈﺎم اﻟﺜﻨـﺎﺋﻲ وﻟﻴﺲ ﻣﻦ ﺳﺪﻳﻢ ﻏ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ أو ﺳﺤﺎﺑﺔ ﺑـ ﻧﺠﻤﻴ ـﺔ « . ﺗﺸ ـ ﻫﻴﺌ ـﺔ وﺣﺠ ـﻢ اﻟﺼــﺪﻣﺔ اﻟﻘﻮﺳﻴﺔ إﱃ أن اﻟﻘﺰم اﻷﺑﻴﺾ ﻗﺪ أﻃﻠﻖ ﺗﺪﻓﻘًﺎ ﺎً ﺎ ﺗ ُﻜّ ﻗﺮﺻ ﺎً ﺗﺮاﻛﻤﻴﺎً ﺣﻮﻟـﻪ وﺑﻴﻨﻤـﺎ ﻳﻐــﺬي ﻫــﺬا اﻟﻘــﺮص اﻟﻨﺠﻢ ا ﻴﺖ ﻳﻘﺬف ﺟﺰء ﻣﻦ ا ـﺎدة إﱃ اﻟﻔﻀـﺎء وﻳﻨﺘﺞ ﻋﻦ ذﻟﻚ ﺗﺪﻓﻘﺎت ﺧﺎرﺟﻴـﺔ ﻗﻮﻳـﺔ وﻟﻜـﻦ ﻫــﺬا اﻟــﻨﺠﻢ ا ﻴــﺖ ﻻ ﻳﻈﻬـﺮ أي دﻻﺋـﻞ ﻋــﲆ وﺟﻮد ﻗـﺮص ﺗﺮاﻛﻤـﻲ ﻣﻤــﺎ ﻳﺠﻌــﻞ ﻣﺼــﺪر اﻟﺘـــﺪﻓﻖ اﻟﺨـــﺎرﺟﻲ و اﻟﺴـﺪﻳﻢ اﻟﻨـﺎﺗﺞ ﻋﻨـﻪ ﺣﻮل اﻟﻨﺠﻢ ﻟﻐﺰ اً . ﺎً ﻗﺎﺋﻤ ﻳﻘﻮل ﺳـﻜﺎرﻳﻨﻐﻲ إن »: ا ﻔﺎﺟ ـﺄة ﰲ أن ﻧﻈﺎﻣ ًـﺎ ﻳُﻔــﱰض أﻧــﻪ ﻫــﺎدئ وﺧــﺎلٍ ﻣــﻦ اﻟﻘــﺮص ﻳﻤﻜ ﻨ ـﻪ ﺗﻮﻟﻴ ـﺪ ﺳ ـﺪﻳﻢ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ واﺣﺪة ﻣـﻦ ﺗﻠـﻚ اﻟﻠﺤﻈﺎت اﻟﻨﺎدرة اﻟﺘـﻲ ﺗُﺜ اﻟﺪﻫﺸـﺔ « . رﺻـﺪ اﻟﻔﺮﻳﻖ ﻷول ﻣﺮة ﺳﺪﻳﻤﺎً ﺗﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺼﻮرة اﻟﻤﺮﻌﺔ اﻟﻤﺮﻛﺰ ﺔ اﻟﻤﻠﺘﻘﻄﺔ ﺑﻮاﺳﻄﺔ ﻣﻄ ﺎف ﻣﻴﻮز ﻋﻠﻰاﻟﺘﻠﺴ ﻮب اﻟﻜﺒ ﺟﺪ اً اﻟﺘﺎﺑﻊ ﻟﻠﻤﺮﺻﺪ اﻷوروﺑﻲ اﻟ ـ ﺠﻨﻮﺑﻲ ـﺖ ﻣﻮﺟﺎتﺻـﺪﻣ ﺔ ﺣـﻮل اﻟـﻨ ﻢ اﻟﻤ RXJ0528+2838 . ـﻢ ﻋﻨـﺪﻣﺎ ﺘﺤـﺮك ﻧ ــﺔ ﻣﻨـــﮫ ﻣﺤــﺪﺛﺎً ـــﺪﻓﻊ اﻟﻤــﺎدة اﻟﻘﺮ ﻓــﻲ اﻟﻔﻀــﺎء ﻓﺈﻧـــﮫ ﻗــﺪ ﻣـــﺎ ﺴــﻤﻰ ﻤﻮﺟــﺔ اﻟﺼـــﺪﻣﺔ اﻟﻘﻮﺳــ ﺔ واﻟـــ ﺗﺘﻮﻫﺞ ﻓﻲﻫﺬﻩ اﻟﺼﻮرة ﺎﻟﻠﻮن اﻷ ﻤﺮواﻷﺧﻀﺮواﻷزرق . واﻟﻨ وﺟ ﺗﻤﺜﻞ ﻫﺬﻩ اﻷﻟﻮان اﻟﻬ ﺪروﺟ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺘﻮاﻟﻲ واﻷﻛﺴﺠ . ﻋﺎدة ﻣﺎ ﺗﻨﺘﺞ ﻫﺬﻩ اﻟﺼـﺪﻣﺎت ﻋـﻦ ﺗـﺪﻓﻖ ﻗـﻮيﻣﻨ ﻌـﺚ ﻣـﻦ اﻟـﻨ ﻢ وﻣـﻊ ذﻟـﻚ ﻗ ﻔﻲﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﻨ ﻢ ـﺖ اﻟﻤ RXJ0528+2838 ـﻢ ﻣﺮاﻓـﻖﺷـﺒ ﮫ ﺎﻟﺸـﻤﺲ اﻛﺘﺸـﻒ وﻫـﻮ ﻗـﺰم أﺑـ ﺾ ﻟـﮫ ﻧ ﻋ ــﺔ ﻣﻌﺮوﻓــﺔ ــﺄي آﻟ ﻠﻤــﺎء اﻟﻔﻠــﻚ أن ﻣﻮﺟــﺔ اﻟﺼــﺪﻣﺔ ﻻ ﻤﻜــﻦ ﺗﻔﺴــ ﻫﺎ . ــﻮن ﻣﺼــﺪرﻃﺎﻗــﺔ ﺧﻔــﻲ ﻗــﺪ ﻳ رﻤﺎ اﻟﻤﺠﺎﻻت اﻟﻤﻐﻨﺎﻃ ﺴ ﺔ ﻫﻮ اﻟ ـ ﺤﻞ ﻟﻬﺬا اﻟﻠﻐﺰ . [ESO/K. Iłkiewicz and S. Scaringi et al. Background: PanSTARRS] ﺗﻈﻬﺮ ﻫﺬﻩ اﻟﺼﻮرة ﻣﻦ ﻣﺴﺢ ﻣﺸﺮوع ﺎنﺳـﺘﺎرزاﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘـﺔ اﻟﺴـﻤﺎو ﺔ ـــــــﺖ ـــــــﺎﻟﻨ ﻢ اﻟﻤ اﻟﻤﺤ ﻄــــــﺔ RXJ0528+2838 ﻘـــــــﻊ ﻓـــــــﻲﻣﺮﻛـــــــﺰ واﻟـــــــﺬ اﻟﺼﻮرة ﺗﻤﺎﻣ ﺎً . [PanSTARRS] - ﻣﺎﻳﻮ ﻳﻮﻧﻴﻮ 2 0 2 6