Free Astronomy Magazine May-June 2025 ARABIC VERSION

Ultra-hot nova with surprising chemical signature by NOIRLab Josie Fenske sing the Gemini South tele- scope, one half of the Inter- national Gemini Observatory, partly funded by the U.S. National ScienceFoundationandoperated by NSF NOIRLab, and the Magellan BaadeTelescope,astronomershave forthefirsttimeobservedarecur- ring nova outside of the Milky Way innear-infraredlight.Thedata revealed highly unusual chemical emissions as well as one of the hottesttemperatureseverreported foranova,bothindicativeofanex- tremely violent eruption. Novaexplosionsoccurinbinarystar systems in which a white dwarf — thedenseremnantofadeadstar— continuallysiphonsstellarmaterial fromanearbycompanionstar.As the outer atmosphere of the com- panion gathers onto the surface of thewhitedwarfitreachestemper- atures hot enough to spark an eruption. Almost all novae discov- eredto-datehavebeenobservedto erupt only once. But a few have been observed to erupt more than once, and are classified as recurrent novae.Thespanbetweeneruptions MAY-JUNE2025 U 36 ﻣﺠﻠﺔ FreeAstronomy ﺎﻟﻌﺮ ﺔ اﻛﺘﺸﺎف ﻣﺴﺘﻌﺮ ﻓﺎﺋﻖ اﻟﺴﺨﻮﻧﺔ ﺑ ﺼﻤﺔ ﻛ ﻤ ﺎﺋ ﺔ ﻏﺮ ﺔ : ﻘﻠﻢ ﺟﻮزي ﻓ ﻨﺴﻜﻲ ﻣﺨﺘ ﻧﻮﻳﺮﻻب ﺎﺳــﺘﺨﺪام ﺗﻠﺴـﻜﻮب ﺟﻴﻤﻴﻨــﻲ ﺳ ـﺎوث اﻟﺘﺎﺑﻊ ﺮﺻﺪ ﺟﻴﻤﻴﻨﻲ اﻟﺪوﱄ وا ﻤـﻮل ﻣـﻦ ا ﺆﺳﺴﺔ اﻟﻮﻃﻨﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻌﻠﻮم اﻷﻣﺮﻳﻜﻴﺔ واﻟـﺬي ﻳُﺸﻐّﻠﻪ ﻣﺨﺘﱪ ﻧﻮﻳﺮﻻب وﺗﻠﺴﻜﻮب ﻣﺎﺟﻼن ﺑﺎدي ﺗﻤﻜﻦ ﻋﻠﻤﺎء اﻟﻔﻠـﻚ ﻟﻠﻤـﺮة اﻷوﱃ ﻣـﻦ رﺻﺪ ﻣﺴﺘﻌﺮ ﻧﺠﻤﻲ ﻣﺘﻜﺮر ﺧـﺎرج ﻣﺠـﺮة درب اﻟﺘﺒﺎﻧﺔ ﰲ ﻧﻄﺎ ق اﻷﺷﻌﺔ ﺗﺤﺖ اﻟﺤﻤﺮاء اﻟﻘﺮﻳﺒﺔ وﻛﺸﻔﺖ اﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧـﺎت ﻋـﻦ اﻧﺒﻌﺎﺛـﺎت ﻛﻴﻤﻴﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﻏ اﻋﺘﻴﺎدﻳﺔ ﻟﻠﻐﺎﻳﺔ ﺑﺎﻹﺿـﺎﻓﺔ إﱃ ـ ﺗﺴﺠﻴﻞ واﺣﺪة ﻣﻦ أﻋـﲆ درﺟـﺎت اﻟﺤـﺮارة اﻟﺘ ﻲ رُﺻﺪت ﻋﲆ اﻹﻃـﻼق ﺴـﺘﻌﺮ ﻧﺠﻤـﻲ وﻛﻼﻫﻤـ ﺎ ﻳﺸـ إﱃ ﺛـﻮران ﻋﻨﻴـﻒ ﺑﺸـﻜﻞ اﺳـﺘﺜﻨﺎﺋﻲ . ﺗﺤـﺪث اﻧﻔﺠـﺎرات ا ﺴـﺘﻌﺮات اﻟﻨﺠﻤﻴﺔ ﰲ أﻧﻈﻤﺔ اﻟﻨ ﺠـﻮم اﻟﺜﻨﺎﺋﻴـﺔ ﺣﻴـﺚ ﻳﻘﻮم ﻗﺰم أﺑﻴﺾ وﻫﻮ اﻟﺒﻘﺎﻳﺎ اﻟﻜﺜﻴﻔﺔ ﻟﻨﺠﻢ - ﻣﻨﻬﺎر ﺑﺠﺬب ا ﺎدة اﻟﻨ ﺠﻤﻴﺔ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﻤﺮار ﻣﻦ ﻧﺠﻢ ﻣﺮاﻓﻖ ﻗﺮﻳﺐ وﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﻳـﱰاﻛﻢ اﻟﻐـﻼف اﻟﺠﻮي اﻟﺨﺎرﺟﻲ ﻟﻠ ﻨﺠﻢ ا ﺮاﻓﻖ ﻋﲆ ﺳـﻄﺢ ــ اﻟﻘﺰم ا ﻷﺑﻴﺾ ﺗﺼﻞ درﺟﺔ اﻟﺤﺮارة اﻟﺤﺮﺟﺔ إﱃ اﻟﺤﺪ اﻟﻜﺎ ﰲ ﻹﻃﻼق ﺛﻮران ﻧﻮوي ﺣـﺮاري ﻫﺎﺋــﻞ وﻗــﺪ ﻻﺣــﻆ اﻟﻌﻠﻤــﺎء أن ﻣﻌﻈــﻢ ا ﺴﺘﻌﺮات ا ﻜﺘﺸﻔﺔ ﺣﺘﻰ اﻵن ﺗﺜـﻮر ﻣـﺮة واﺣﺪة ﻓﻘﻂ ﻟ ﻜﻦ ﺑﻌﻀﻬﺎ اﻵﺧﺮ ﻳﺜـﻮر أﻛﺜـﺮ ﻣــﻦ ﻣ ـﺮة وﻳُﺼ ـﻨﻒ ﺑﺪﻗــﺔ ﺿ ـﻤﻦ ﻓﺌ ـﺔ ا ﺴﺘﻌﺮات ا ﺘﻜﺮرة واﻟﺘﻲ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ أن ﺗﱰاوح اﻟﻔﱰة اﻟﺰﻣﻨﻴﺔ ﺑ ﺛﻮراﺗﻬﺎ اﻟﻌﻨﻴﻔﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺎم ﺪواﺣ إﱃ ﻋﺪة ﻋﻘﻮد . ﻣﺎﻳﻮ - ﻳﻮﻧﻴﻮ 2 0 2 5