Free Astronomy Magazine May-June 2025 ARABIC VERSION

MAY-JUNE2025 Webb peers deeper into mysterious Flame Nebula he Flame Nebula, located about 1,400 light-years away fromEarth,isahotbedofstar formation less than 1 million years old.WithintheFlameNebula,there areobjectssosmallthattheircores willneverbeabletofusehydrogen like full-fledged stars — brown dwarfs. Brown dwarfs, often called “failed stars,”overtimebecomeverydim byNASA/ESA/CSA Matthew Brown ChristinePulliam and much cooler than stars. These factorsmakeobservingbrowndwarfs with most telescopes difficult, if not impossible,evenatcosmicallyshort distances from the Sun. When they areveryyoung,however,theyare و ﺐ ﻳﺤﺪقﻓﻲ ﻋﻤﻖﺳﺪ ﻢ اﻟﺸﻌﻠﺔ اﻟﻐﺎﻣﺾ : ﻘﻠﻢ ﺑﻮﻟ ﺎم ﻣﺎﺛﻴﻮ ﺑﺮاون وﻛﺮﺴﺘ و ﺎ ﻟﺔ ﻧﺎﺳﺎ وو ﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﻔﻀﺎء اﻷوروﺑ ﺔ و ﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﻔﻀﺎء اﻟﻜﻨﺪ ﺔ ﺗﻈﻬـــﺮ ﻫـــﺬﻩ اﻟﻤ ﻤﻮﻋـــﺔ ﻣـــﻦ اﻟﺼـــﻮرﺳـــﺪ ﻢ اﻟﺸـــﻌﻠﺔ ﺎﻷﺷـــﻌﺔ ﺗﺤـــﺖ اﻟـــ ـ ـــﺚ ﻌـــﺮض ـــﺔ ﺣ ﻤﺮاء اﻟﻘﺮ ـاﻟ ﺠﺎﻧﺐ اﻷ ﺴﺮﻣﺸﻬﺪًا اﻟﺘﻘﻄﮫ ﺗﻠﺴ ﻮبﻫﺎﺑﻞ اﻟﻔﻀﺎﺋﻲ اﻟﺘﺎﺑﻊ ﻟﻨﺎﺳﺎ ﺑ ﻨﻤﺎ ُﻈﻬـﺮاﻟـ ـ ﺠﺎﻧ ﺎن اﻷ ﻤﻨـﺎن ﻣﺸــﻬﺪﻳﻦ اﻟﺘﻘﻄﻬﻤــﺎ ﺗﻠﺴــ ﻮب ــﺐ اﻟﻔﻀــﺎﺋﻲ اﻟﺘـــﺎﺑﻊ ﻟﻨﺎﺳــﺎ ﺟـــ ﻤﺲو . ﻓــﻲﺻـــﻮرة ﻫﺎﺑــﻞ ﺗﻤــﺖ إزاﻟـــﺔ ـﺔ ﺳـﺤﺎ ﺔ اﻟﻜﺜ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻐﺎزواﻟﻐ ﺎراﻟﻜﺜ ﻒ اﻟﺪاﻛﻦ واﻟﺴﺤﺐ اﻟﺒ ﻀـﺎء اﻟﻤﺤ ﻄـﺔ ﺎﻟﺴـﺪ ﻢﻣﻤـﺎ أﺗـﺎح رؤ أﻛــ ﺷــﻔﺎﻓ ﺔ اﺧ ﻗﺘﻬــﺎ أﺟــﺮام ﻣُﺼــﺪرة ﻟﻸﺷــﻌﺔ ﺗﺤــﺖ اﻟــ ـ ــﺔ ﻤﺮاء وﻫـﻲ ﻧﺠــﻮم ﻓﺘ ــﺔ وأﻗــﺰام ﻨ . ﺗــﻢ اﺳﺘﺨﺪم ﺗﻠﺴ ﻮب و ﺐ ﻟ ﺘﺤﺪ ﺪ اﻷ ﺟﺮام ذات اﻟﻜﺘﻠﺔ اﻷﻗﻞ ﻓﻲﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺗﺸ ﻞ اﻟﻨﺠﻮمﻫﺬﻩ . [NASA, ESA, CSA, STScI, Michael Meyer (University of Michigan), Matthew De Furio (UT Austin), Massimo Robberto (STScI), Alyssa Pagan (STScI)]. ﺳـﺪ ﻢ اﻟﺸﻌﻠﺔ اﻟﺬي ﻳﻘﻊ ﻋﲆ ﺑُﻌـ ﺪ ﺣـﻮاﱄ 1400 ﺳﻨﺔ ﺿﻮﺋﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻷرضﻫﻮ ﻣﻨﻄﻘـﺔ ﻧﺸﻄﺔ ﻟﺘﻜﻮﻳﻦ اﻟﻨﺠﻮم ﺣﻴﺚ ﻻ ﻳﺘﺠﺎوز ﻋﻤﺮ أﺣﺪث اﻟﻨﺠﻮم ا ﺘﻜﻮﻧﺔ ﻓﻴـﻪ ﻣﻠﻴـﻮن ﺳـﻨﺔ . ﻳﺤﺘﻮي اﻟﺸﻌﻠﺔ ﺳﺪﻳﻢ ﻋﲆ أﺟـﺮام ﺻـﻐ ة ﺟﺪاً ﻟﺪرﺟﺔ أن أﻧﻮﻳﺘﻬﺎ ﻟﻦ ﺗﺘﻤﻜﻦ أﺑـﺪ اً ﻣـﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ اﻧﺪﻣﺎج اﻟﻬﻴﺪروﺟ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺤـﺪث ﰲ اﻟﻨﺠﻮم ﻛﺎﻣﻠـﺔ اﻟ ﻨﻤـﻮ . ﺗُﻌـﺮف ﻫـﺬ ﺑﺎﺳـﻢ اﻷﻗﺰام اﻟﺒﻨﻴﺔ . اﻷﻗﺰام اﻟﺒﻨﻴﺔ واﻟﺘـﻲ ﻳﻄﻠـﻖ ﻋﻠﻴﻬـﺎ ﻏﺎﻟﺒـﺎً " اﻟﻨﺠﻮم اﻟﻔﺎﺷﻠﺔ " ﺗﺨﺒﻮ وﺗﱪد ﺗﺪرﻳﺠﻴ ﺎ ﻣﻊ ﻣﺮور اﻟﻮﻗﺖ ﻣﻘﺎرﻧﺔ ﺑـﺎﻟﻨﺠﻮم اﻟﺤﻘﻴﻘﻴـﺔ . ﻣﺮور اﻟﻮﻗﺖ ﻣﻘﺎرﻧﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺠﻮم اﻻﺧﺮى ﻣﻤـﺎ ﻳﺠﻌﻞ رﺻﺪ اﻷﻗﺰام اﻟﺒﻨﻴـﺔ ﺻـﻌﺒ ﺎً أو ﺣﺘـﻰ ﻣﺴﺘﺤﻴﻼً ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام ﻣﻌﻈـﻢ اﻟﺘﻠﺴـﻜﻮﺑﺎت ﻣﺴ ﺘﺤﻴﻼً ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام ﻣﻌﻈـﻢ اﻟﺘﻠﺴـﻜﻮﺑﺎت ﺣﺘـﻰ ﻋـﲆ ﻣﺴـﺎﻓﺎت ﻛﻮﻧﻴـﺔ ﻗﺮﻳﺒـﺔ ﻣـﻦ اﻟﺸﻤﺲ ﻟﻜﻦ ﰲ ﻣﺮاﺣﻠﻬﺎ اﻷوﱃ ﺗﻜﻮن ﻫـﺬه اﻷﻗﺰام أﻛﺜﺮ دﻓﺌًﺎ و ﻌﺎﻧًﺎ ﻧﺴﺒﻴًﺎ ، ﻣﻤـﺎ ﻳـﺲ ﻣﺎﻳﻮ - ﻳﻮﻧﻴﻮ 2 0 2 5