Free Astronomy Magazine March-April 2026 ARABIC VERSION

MARCH-APRIL2026 50 ASTROPUBLISHING large that you can’t power themwithacorecollapsestellarexplosi on —oranyothertypeofnormalstel- larexplosion,” saysNatalieLeBaron, UC Berkeley graduate student and firstauthoronthepaperpresenting the Gemini data. “The main mes- sage from AT 2024wpp is that the model that we started off with is wrong.It’sdefinitelynotjustanex- ploding star.” Theresearchershypothesizethatthe intense, high-energy light emitted duringthisextremetidaldisruption wasaconsequenceofthelongpar- asitichistoryoftheblackholebinary system.Astheyreconstructthishis- tory,theblackholehadbeensuck- ingmaterialfromitscompanionfor alongtime,completelyenshrouding itself in a halo of material too far from the black hole for it to swal- low.Then,whenthecompanionstar finally got too close and was torn apart,thenewmaterialbecameen- trained into the rotating accretion diskandslammedagainsttheexist- ingmaterial,generatingX-ray,ultra- violet, and blue light. Much of the gasfromthecompanionalsoended upswirlingtowardthepolesofthe blackhole,whereitwasejectedasa jetofmaterial.Theteamcalculated thatthejetsweretravelingatabout 40% of the speed of light and gen- erated radio waves when they en- countered surrounding gas. LikemostLFBOTs,AT2024wppislo- catedinagalaxywithactivestarfor- mation,solargestarsliketheseare expected.AT2024wppis1.1billion lightyearsawayandbetween5and 10 times more luminous than AT 2018cow. Theestimatedmassofthecompan- ionstarthatwasshreddedwasmore than10timesthemassoftheSun.It may have been what’s known as a Wolf-Rayetstar,whichisaveryhot and evolved star that has already used up much of its hydrogen. This would explain the weak hydrogen emissionfromAT2024wpp. ■ ﻣﺠﻠﺔ FreeAstronomy ﺎﻟﻌﺮ ﺔ 50 ﻌﺮض ـﻚ ﻫـﺬا اﻻﻧﻔﻮﺟﺮاﻓ AT 2024 wpp أﺳـــــﺮع ﻇـــــﺎﻫﺮة ﺼـــــﺮ ﺔ زرﻗـــــﺎء ﺳـــــﺮ ﻌﺔ وأﻛ ﻫـــــﺎ ـــــــﺔ ﺳـــــــﻄﻮﻋﺎً ﺗـــــــﻢ رﺻـــــــﺪﻫﺎ ﻋﻠـــــــﻰ اﻹﻃـــــــﻼق واﻵﻟ اﻟﻤﺤﺘﻤﻠﺔ وراء ﺷﺪﺗﻬﺎ اﻟﻘﺼﻮى . [NOIRLab/NSF/AURA/R. Margutti/P. Marenfeld] أﻟﻤﻊ ﻇﺎﻫﺮة ﺼﺮ ﺔ زرﻗﺎ ء ﺳﺮ ﻌﺔ ر ﺻﺪت ﻋﻠﻰ اﻹﻃﻼق : اﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮة AT 2024wpp ﺗﻔﻮﻗﺖ ﻟﻔ ة وﺟ ة ﻋﻠﻰ ﻞ اﻷﺣﺪاث اﻟﻀﻮﺋ ﺔ اﻟﻤﻌﺮوﻓﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻧﻮﻋﻬﺎ و ﺎﻧﺖ ﻣﺮ ﺔ ﻋ ﻣﻠ ﺎرات اﻟﺴﻨ . دﻻﺋﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ أﻗﺼﻰ اﻟﻈﻮاﻫﺮ اﻟ ﻮﻧ ﺔ : ـــــــــﻒ ﺗﺘﻔﺎﻋــــــــــﻞ ــــــــــﺪاث اﻟﻨــــــــــﺎدرة ﻛ ﺗُﻈﻬـــــــــﺮﻫـــــــــﺬﻩ اﻷﺣ ــــﻮم اﻟﻀـــ ﻤﺔ وﺗﺨﺘـــ اﻟﺜﻘــﻮب اﻟﺴــــﻮداء ﻣـــﻊ اﻟﻨﺠ ﺣﺪود اﻟﻨﻈ ﺮﺎت اﻟﻔﻠﻜ ﺔ اﻟ ـ . ﺤﺎﻟ ﺔ ﺗﺪﻣ ﺑﻮاﺳﻄﺔ ﺛﻘﺐ أﺳﻮد : ﻧﺸـــــــﺄ اﻟــــــــ ـ ﺤﺪث ﻧﺘﻴﺠــــــــﺔ ﺗﻤﺰــــــــﻖ ﺛﻘـــــــﺐ أﺳــــــــﻮد ﻟـــــــﻨ ﻢ ّ ﺷﺪ ﺪ ﻣﺮاﻓﻖﺿ ﻢ ﻓﻲﺣﺪث ﺗﻤﺰق ﻣﺪ . ﻟ ﺴﺖ ﻣﺴﺘﻌﺮاً أﻋﻈﻢ : أﻃﻠــﻖ اﻟــ ـ ﺤﺪثﻃﺎﻗــﺔ ﺗﻔــﻮق ﻤﻘــﺪار ~١٠٠ ﺿـــﻌﻒ ﻣﻤـــﺎ اﻟﻄﺎﻗـــﺔ اﻟﻨﺎﺗﺠـــﺔ ﻋـــﻦ اﻧﻔﺠــــﺎرﻧ ﻤــﻲﻋـــﺎد ﺴﺘ ﻌﺪ ﻧﻤﺎذج اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻌﺮات اﻟﻌﺎد ﺔ . ﻋﺮض ﺿﻮﺋﻲ ﻣﺘﻌﺪد اﻷﻟﻮان : أﻧـــــــــﺘﺞ اﻻﻧﻔﺠـــــــــﺎرﺿــــــــﻮءاً أزرق ﻣﻜﺜﻔــــــــﺎً وأﺷـــــــــﻌﺔ ﻓـــــﻮق ﻨﻔﺴـــــــﺠ ﺔ وأﺷـــــــﻌﺔ ﺳـــــــ ـــــــﺔ ﻨ ﺔ ورادﻳﻮ وﺗﺤــــــــﺖ ﻤـــــــــﺮاء ﻧﺎﺗﺠــــــــــ ﺔ ﻋــــــــﻦ ﻧﻔﺎﺛـــــــــﺎتﺳــــــــــﺮ ﻌﺔ وﺣﻄﺎم ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻊ . - ﻣﺎﺭﺱ ﺃﺑﺮﻳﻞ 2 0 2 6 ﺗﺆﻛﺪ ﻫﺬه اﻷرﺻﺎد أن ﻓﺎﺋﺾ اﻷﺷﻌﺔ ﺗﺤـﺖ اﻟﺤﻤﺮ اء اﻟﻘﺮﻳﺒﺔ ﺳﻤﺔ ﻣﻤﻴـﺰة ﻻﻧﻔﺠـﺎرات اﻟﻈـﻮاﻫﺮ ـ اﻟ ـ ﺒﴫﻳﺔ اﻟ ﺰرﻗ ـﺎء ﴪﻳﻌﺔ ـ اﻟ ـ اﻟﺴﺎﻃﻌﺔ ﻋﲆ اﻟﺮﻏﻢ ﻣﻦ أﻧﻪ ﻻ ﻳﻮﺟﺪ ﻧﻤﻮذج ﻳﻤﻜﻨــﻪ ﺗﻔﺴـ ﻫــﺬا اﻟﺤـﺪث " . إن ﻛﻤﻴـﺔ اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ ا ﺸﻌﺔ اﻟﻬﺎﺋﻠﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻫﺬه اﻻﻧﻔﺠﺎرات ﻛﺒ ة ﺟﺪاً ﻟﺪرﺟﺔ أﻧـﻪ ﻻ ﻳﻤﻜﻨـﻚ ﺗﻮﻟﻴـﺪﻫﺎ ﺑﺎﻧﻔﺠﺎر ﻧﺠﻤﻲ ﻧﺎﺗﺞ ﻋﻦ اﻧﻬﻴﺎر اﻟﻨﻮاة أو أي ﻧ ﻮع آﺧﺮ ﻣﻦ اﻻﻧﻔﺠﺎرات اﻟﻨﺠﻤﻴﺔ اﻟﻌﺎدﻳﺔ " ﻛﻤﺎ ﺗﻘﻮل ﻧﺎﺗﺎﱄ ﻟﻴﺒﺎرون ﻃﺎﻟﺒﺔ اﻟﺪراﺳـﺎت اﻟﻌﻠﻴ ـﺎ ﰲ ﺟﺎﻣﻌ ـﺔ ﻛﺎﻟﻴﻔﻮرﻧﻴــﺎ ﰲ ﺑ ـ ﻛﲇ وا ﺆﻟﻔﺔ اﻷوﱃ ﻟﻠﻮرﻗﺔ اﻟﺒﺤﺜﻴﺔ اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻌـﺮض ﺑﻴﺎﻧﺎت ﻣﺮﺻﺪ . " ﺟﻴﻤﻴﻨﻲ اﻟﺮﺳﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺮﺋﻴﺴﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮة AT 2024wpp ﻫﻲ أن اﻟﻨﻤﻮذج اﻟﺬي ﺑﺪأﻧﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺧـﺎﻃﺊ . إﻧـﻪ ﺑﺎﻟ ﺘﺄﻛﻴـﺪ ﻟـﻴﺲ ﻣﺠﺮد ﻧﺠﻢ ﻣﺘﻔﺠﺮ ". ﻳﻔﱰ أن ض اﻟﺒﺎﺣﺜﻮن اﻟﺒﺎﺣﺜﻮن أن اﻟﻀﻮء ا ﻜﺜـﻒ ﻋـﺎﱄ اﻟﻄﺎﻗـﺔ اﻟﻀﻮء ا ﻜﺜﻒ ﻋﺎﱄ اﻟﻄﺎ ﻗﺔ اﻟﺼﺎدر ﻋﻦ ﻫﺬا اﻟﺘﻤﺰق ا ﺪ ي اﻟﻬﺎﺋﻞ ﻟﻢ ﻳﻜﻦ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﺔً ﻟﺘـﺎرﻳﺦ ﻃﻮﻳﻞ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺘﻄﻔـﻞ ﻋـﲆ اﻟ ﻨﻈـﺎم اﻟﺜﻨـﺎﺋﻲ ﻟﻠﺜﻘﺐ اﻷﺳﻮ . د ﻓﺒﺤﺴﺐ إﻋـﺎدة ﺑﻨـﺎء ﻫـﺬا اﻟﺘﺎرﻳﺦ ﻛﺎن اﻟﺜﻘﺐ اﻷﺳﻮد ﻳﻤﺘﺺ ا ﺎدة ﻣﻦ رﻓﻴﻘﻪ ﻟﻔﱰ ة ﻃﻮﻳﻠﺔ ﻣﺤﻴﻄ ﺎً ﻧﻔﺴـﻪ ﺑﻬﺎﻟـﺔ ﻣﻦ ا ﺎدة ﺑﻌﻴﺪة ﺟـﺪ اً ﻋـﻦ اﻟﺜﻘـﺐ اﻷﺳـﻮد ﺑﺤﻴﺚ ﻻ ﻳﺴﺘﻄﻴﻊ اﺑﺘﻼﻋﻬﺎ و ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ اﻗـﱰب اﻟ ـﻨﺠﻢ ا ﺮاﻓــﻖ وﺗﻤ ـﺰق اﻧ ـﺪﻣﺠﺖ ا ـﺎدة اﻟﺠﺪﻳـﺪة ﰲ ﻗـﺮص اﻟـﱰاﻛﻢ أﺷـ ﻮﻟـﺪة ﻣ ﻌﺔ ﺳﻴﻨﻴﺔ وأﺷﻌﺔ ﻓﻮق ﺑﻨﻔﺴﺠﻴﺔ وﺿﻮءا أزرق و ﺟﺰء ﻛﺒ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻐـﺎز ﻣـﻦ اﻟـﻨﺠﻢ ا ﺮاﻓـﻖ و ﺟﺰء ﻛﺒ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻐـﺎز ﻣـﻦ اﻟـﻨﺠﻢ ا ﺮاﻓـﻖ اﻧﺪﻓﻊ ﻧﺤﻮ ﻗﻄﺒﻲ اﻟﺜﻘﺐ اﻷﺳﻮد و ﻗُﺬف ﻋﲆ ﺷﻜﻞ ﻧﻔﺎﺛﺔ ﺑﴪﻋﺔ ﺗﻘﺎرب 40 % ﻣﻦﴎﻋﺔ اﻟﻀـﻮء واﻧﺘﺠـﺖ ﻣﻮﺟــﺎت رادﻳ ﻮﻳـﺔ ﻋﻨ ـﺪ اﺻـﻄﺪاﻣﻬﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﻐ ـﺎز ا ﺤ ـﻴﻂ . ﺗﻌ ـﺪ ﻫ ـﺬه اﻻﻧﻔﺠﺎرات اﻟﻌﻨﻴﻔﺔ ﻧﺎﺗﺠـﺔ ﻋـﻦ ﺗﻔـﺎﻋﻼت ﻓﻴﺰﻳﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﻣﻌﻘﺪة ﺗﺤﺪث ﰲ ﻣﺮ اﻛـﺰ ا ﺠـﺮات اﻟﺒﻌﻴــﺪة ﻣﺴــﺒﺒﺔً اﺿــﻄﺮاﺑﺎت ﰲ ﻧﺴــﻴﺞ اﻟﺰﻣﻜـﺎن . ﻳﺒﻌـﺪ AT 2024wpp 1.1 ﻣﻠﻴـﺎر و ﺳﻨﺔ ﺿﻮﺋﻴﺔ ﺳﻄﻮﻋﻪ ﺑ 5 و 10 أﺿﻌﺎف ﺳﻄﻮع AT 2018cow ﺪﻗـ وﻗـﺪ رت ﻛﺘﻠـﺔ اﻟﻨﺠﻢ ا ﺮاﻓﻖ اﻟﺬي ﺗﻤـﺰ ﺑــ ق 10 أﺿـﻌﺎف ﻛﺘﻠﺔ اﻟﺸﻤﺲ وﻗﺪ ﻳﻜﻮ ن ﻣﻦ ﻧـﻮع - ووﻟـﻒ را ﻳــﺖ وﻫــﻮ ﻧﺠــﻢ ﺳــﺎﺧﻦ اﺳــﺘﻬﻠﻚ ﻫﻴﺪروﺟﻴﻨﻪ ـﻳـ ﻣـﺎ ، ﻔﴪ ﺿـﻌ ﻒ اﻧﺒﻌـﺎث اﻟﻬﻴﺪروﺟ ﻣﻦ AT 2024wpp .