Free Astronomy Magazine March-April 2026 ARABIC VERSION

Today, however, satellite observa- tions reveal a far more complex re- ality. The global transition to LED technology has fundamentally al- tered light pollution’s spectral com- position, spatial distribution, and atmospheric behaviour. The true nature of light pollution itself has changed, with consequences for as- tronomicalobservations,including those conducted by large ground- based observatories. Modern satellites are providing an unprecedentedglobalviewofartifi- ciallightemissions,revealingacom- plex and concerning evolution of night-timeillumination.Mostglobal assessments of light-pollution trends rely primarily on data from the VIIRS (VisibleInfraredImagingRadiome- ter Suite), carried by meteorological andEarth-observationsatellitessuch as the Suomi NPP and NOAA-20. Nevertheless, while VIIRS is extraor- dinarily sensitive to faint night-time radiance, it operates with a critical blind spot: it is essentially colour- blindtobluelight.VIIRSisapanchro- matic night-imaging sensor opti- misedforwavelengthswithinthe MARCH-APRIL2026 ﻣﺠﻠﺔ FreeAstronomy ﺎﻟﻌﺮ ﺔ 5 - ﻣﺎﺭﺱ ﺃﺑﺮﻳﻞ 2 0 2 6 أﻛﺜﺮ ﺗﻌﻘﻴﺪاً ﺑﻜﺜ ﻓﺎﻟﺘﺤﻮل اﻟﻌﺎ ﻲ إﱃ ﺗﻘﻨﻴﺔ LED ﻏ ﺑﺼﻮرة ﺟﻮﻫﺮ ﻳﺔ اﻟﱰﻛﻴﺐ اﻟﻄﻴﻔـﻲ ﻟﻠﺘﻠﻮث اﻟﻀﻮﺋﻲ وﺗﻮزﻳﻌﻪ ا ﻜﺎﻧﻲ وﺳﻠﻮﻛﻪ ﰲ اﻟﻐﻼف اﻟﺠﻮي . ﻟﻘﺪ ﺗﻐ ت اﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﺔ اﻟﺤﻘﻴﻘ ﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﻠﻮث اﻟﻀﻮﺋﻲ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ ﻣﻊ ﻣﺎ ﻳﱰﺗﺐ ﻋﲆ ذﻟﻚ ﻣﻦ ﺗﺒﻌﺎت ﻋﲆ اﻟﺮﺻﺪ اﻟﻔﻠﻜـﻲ ﺑﻤـﺎ ﰲ ذﻟـﻚ اﻟﺮﺻﺪ اﻟﺬي ﺗﺠﺮﻳﻪ ا ﺮاﺻﺪ اﻷرﺿﻴﺔ اﻟﻜﺒـ ة و ﺗﻮﻓﺮ اﻷﻗﻤﺎر اﻟﺼـﻨﺎﻋﻴﺔ اﻟﺤﺪﻳﺜـﺔ ﻣﻨﻈـﻮراً ـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ ﻋﺎ ﻴ ـﺎً ﻏــ ﻣﺴ ـﺒﻮق ﻻﻧﺒﻌﺎﺛــﺎت اﻟﻀ ـﻮء ا ﻻﺻﻄﻨﺎﻋﻲ ﻛﺎﺷﻔﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺗﻄﻮر ﻣﻌﻘ ﺪ وﻣﻘﻠﻖ ﰲ اﻹﺿﺎءة اﻟﻠﻴﻠﻴﺔ ﺗ . ﻌﺘﻤﺪ ﻣﻌﻈﻢ اﻟﺘﻘﻴﻴﻤـﺎت اﻟﻌﺎ ﻴﺔ ﻻﺗﺠﺎﻫﺎت اﻟﺘﻠﻮث اﻟﻀـﻮﺋﻲ ﺑﺼـﻮرة رﺋﻴﺴﻴﺔ ﻋﲆ ﺑﻴﺎﻧﺎت ﺟﻬﺎز ) ﻓـ س ﻣﻘﻴـﺎس اﻟﺘﺼﻮ ﻳﺮ اﻹﺷﻌﺎﻋﻲ ا ﺮﺋـﻲ وﺗﺤـﺖ اﻷﺣﻤـﺮ ( ا ﺤﻤﻮل ﻋﲆ أﻗﻤﺎر اﻷرﺻﺎد اﻟﺠﻮﻳﺔ وﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺔ اﻷرضﻣﺜﻞ Suomi NPP و NOAA-20 وﻣﻊ ـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ ذﻟﻚ ورﻏﻢ أن ﺟﻬﺎز ﻓ س ﺷﺪﻳﺪ اﻟﺤﺴﺎﺳﻴﺔ ﻟﻺﺷﻌﺎع اﻟﻠﻴﲇ ا ﻟﺨﺎﻓـﺖ إﻻ أﻧـﻪ ﻳﻌـﺎﻧﻲ ﻣـﻦ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﻋﻤﻴﺎء ﺣﺮﺟﺔ : ﻓﻬﻮ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎً ﻏـ ﻗـﺎدر ﻋﲆ ﺗﻤﻴﻴﺰ اﻟﻀﻮء اﻷزرق . ﻳﻌﺪ ﺟﻬـﺎز ﻓـ س ﻣﺴﺘﺸـﻌ ﺮاً ﺑﺎﻧﻜﺮوﻣﺎﺗﻴـﺎً ﻟﻠﺘﺼﻮﻳﺮ اﻟﻠـﻴﲇ ﻣﺤ ﺴـ ﻨﺎً ﻟﻸﻃـﻮال ا ﻮﺟﻴـﺔ ﺿﻤﻦ ا ﺠـﺎل 500 –900 ﻧـﺎﻧﻮﻣﱰ ﻟـﺬا ﻛـﺎن ﻓﻌ ـﺎﻻً ﻟﻠﻐﺎﻳــﺔ ﰲ ﻣﺮاﻗﺒــﺔ اﻟﺠــﺰء اﻷﺻ ـﻔﺮ ـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺤ ﻲ ﻟﺘﻮﻫﺞ اﻟﺴﻤﺎء اﻻﺻﻄﻨﺎﻋﻲ اﻟﻤﻤﺘـــــﺪ ﻣـــــﻦ اﻟﻤﻨـــــﺎﻃﻖ اﻟــــــﺤﻀﺮ ﺔ ﻧﺤـــــﻮ اﻟﻤﺮاﺻـــــﺪ ـــــﻒ ﻤﻜـــــﻦ ﻹﺿـــــﺎءة ـــــﺔ ﻣﻮﺿـــــﺤﺎً ﻛ اﻟــــــﺠ ﻠ ﺔ اﻟﻘﺮ ــــﺪة أن ﺗـــــﺪﻫﻮرﺟــــﻮدة ﺳــــﻤﺎء اﻟﻠﻴـــــﻞ اﻟﻤــــﺪن اﻟ ﻌ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﻮاﻗﻊ اﻟﻤﺮﻔﻌﺔ ﺣ . [A. Anfuso]