Free Astronomy Magazine January-February 2026 ARABIC VERSION

JANUARY-FEBRUARY2026 37 ocated about 10,000 light-years away, this ‘cosmic bat’ is flying between the southern constel- lationsofCircinusandNorma.Span- ning an area of the sky equivalent to four full Moons, it looks as if it's tryingtohunttheglowingspot above it for food. This nebula is a stellar nursery, a vast cloud of gas anddustfromwhichstarsareborn. Theinfantstarswithinitrelease enough energy to excite hydrogen atoms around them, making them glow with the intense shade of red seeninthiseye-catchingimage.The dark filaments in the nebula look like the skeleton of our space bat. These structures are colder and denser accumulations of gas than theirsurroundings,withdustgrains that block the visible light from stars behind. Named after a large catalogueofbrightstar-formingre- gionsinthesouthernsky,themost prominentcloudshereareRCW94, which represents the right wing of the bat, and RCW 95, which forms the body, while the other parts of thebathavenoofficialdesignation. Thisstunningstellarnurserywas capturedwiththeVST,atelescope owned and operated by the Italian National Institute for Astrophysics (INAF) and hosted at the ESO’s Paranal Observatory in Chile’s Ata- cama Desert. TheVSThastheperfectcapabilities tocapturetheselargespookycrea- tures. It hosts the OmegaCAM, a state-of-the-art 268-megapixel cam- era,whichenablestheVSTtoimage vastareasofthesky.Thisimagewas pieced together by combining ob- servationsthroughdifferentfilters, transparent to different colours or wavelengths of light. Most of the bat’sshape,includingtheredglow, wascapturedinvisiblelightaspart of the VST Photometric H α Survey of the Southern Galactic Plane and Bulge (VPHAS+). Additional infrared data add a splashofcolourinthedensestparts of the nebula, and were obtained withESO’sVisibleandInfraredSur- veyTelescopeforAstronomy(VISTA) aspartoftheVISTAVariablesinthe Vía Láctea (VVV) survey. Both sur- veys are open to everyone who wants to dive deep in this endless poolofcosmicphotographs.  ﺗﻈﻬــــــﺮ ﻫــــــﺬﻩ اﻟﺼــــــﻮرة ﺳــــــﺤﺎ ﺔ ﻣــــــﻦ اﻟﻐــــــﺎز ـــــــﺎرﺗﺄﺧـــــــﺬ ﺷـــــــ ﻞ واﻟﻐ ” ـــــــﻮﻧﻲ ﺧﻔـــــــﺎش “ . ﺗـــــــﻢ ـاﻟ ﺤﺼﻮل ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺼـﻮرة ﻓـﻲ اﻟﻐﺎﻟـﺐ ﺎﺳـﺘﺨﺪام ﺗﻠﺴـ ﻮب اﻟﻤﺴــﺢ اﻟﺘــﺎﺑﻊ ﻟﻠﺘﻠﺴــ ﻮب اﻟﻜﺒــ ﺟــﺪاً اﻟﻤﻮﺟـــــﻮد ﻓـــــﻲﻣﺮﺻـــــﺪ ﺎرـــــﺎل اﻟﺘـــــﺎﺑﻊ ﻟﻠﻤﺮﺻـــــﺪ اﻷوروﺑــﻲ اﻟـــﺠﻨﻮﺑﻲ ﻓــﻲ ﺗﺸــ ﻠﻲ . ﻠــﻮن ﺸــﻊ اﻟ اﻟﻤﺆ ﻨـﺔ ـﺪروﺟ اﻷ ﻤﺮ اﻟﻘﻮي ﻣﻦ ذرات اﻟﻬ ﻧﺘﻴﺠــﺔ اﻹﺷــﻌﺎع اﻟﺸــﺪ ﺪ ﻟﻠﻨﺠــﻮم اﻟﺸــﺎ ﺔ داﺧــﻞ اﻟﺴـﺤﺎ ﺔ . ﺗﺘﻀـﻤﻦ اﻟﺼـﻮرة أ ﻀًـﺎ ﺑ ﺎﻧـﺎت إﺿــﺎﻓ ﺔ ﺎﻷﺷــــــﻌﺔ ﺗﺤــــــﺖ اﻟــــــ ـ ﻤﺮاء اﻟﺘﻘﻄﻬــــــﺎ ﺗﻠﺴــــــ ﻮب اﻟﻤﺴـﺢ اﻟﻤﺮـﻲوﺗﺤـﺖ اﻷ ﻤـﺮ ﻟﻠﻔﻠـﻚ ) ( ﻓ ﺴــﺘﺎ اﻟﻤﻮﺟـــﻮد أ ﻀًـــﺎ ﻓـــﻲ ﺎر ـــﺎل . أﺑـــﺮز اﻟﺴـــﺤﺐ ﻓـــﻲ اﻟﺼـــــــﻮرة ﻫـــــــﻲ 94 RCW ﺗﻤﺜـــــــﻞ ا ﻨـــــــﺎح اﻟـــــــ اﻷ ﻤــــــــــﻦ ﻟﻠﺨﻔــــــــــﺎشو 95 RCW ﺗﺸــــــــــ ﻞ اﻟــــــــــ ـ اﻟـــ ـــﺎﻗﻲ أﺟـــﺰاء اﻟــــ ﺠﺴﻢ ﺑ ﻨﻤـــﺎ ﻻ ﺗ ﻤــــﻞ ـ ﺨﻔﺎش أي ﺗﺴﻤ ﺔ رﺳﻤ ﺔ . [ESO/VPHAS+ team/VVV team] 37 ﻘﻊ "ﻫﺬا اﻟﺨﻔﺎش اﻟﻜﻮﻧﻲ " ﻋﲆ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺣﻮاﱄ 10,000 ﺿـﻮﺋﻴﺔ ﺳـﻨﺔ وﻫـﻮ ﻳﺤﻠـﻖ ﺑـ اﻷﺑﺮاج اﻟﺠﻨﻮﺑﻴﺔ ﺳ ﺳـﻴﻨﻮس ) اﻟﺒﻮﺻـﻠﺔ ( ) وﻧﻮرﻣﺎ ا ﺴﻄﺮة ( . ﻳﻐﻄﻲ ﻫـﺬا اﻟﺨﻔـﺎش اﻟﻜﻮﻧﻲ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﰲ اﻟﺴﻤﺎ ء ﺗﻌـﺎدل ﻣﺴـﺎﺣﺔ أرﺑﻌﺔ أﻗﻤﺎر ﻛﺎﻣﻠﺔ وﻳﺒـﺪو وﻛﺄﻧـﻪ ﻳﺤـﺎول ﺔ ا ﺻﻴﺪ اﻟﺒﻘﻌ ﺘﻮﻫﺠﺔ أﻋﻼه ﻟﺘﻨﺎوﻟﻬﺎ ﻛﻐﺬاء اﻫﺬ اﻟﺴﺪﻳﻢ ﻋﺒﺎرة ﻋﻦ ﺣﺎﺿـﻨﺔ ﻧﺠﻤﻴـ أي ﺔ ﺳﺤﺎﺑﺔ ﺿﺨﻤﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻐﺎز واﻟﻐﺒـﺎر ﺗﺘﺸـﻜﻞ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ اﻟﻨﺠـﻮم . اﻟﻨﺠـﻮم اﻟ ﺸـﺎﺑﺔ ا ﻮﺟـﻮدة ﺑﺪاﺧﻠﻪ ﺗﻄﻠﻖ ﻃﺎﻗﺔ ﻛﺎﻓﻴـﺔ ﻟﺘﺤ ﻔﻴـﺰ ذرات اﻟﻬﻴـﺪروﺟ ا ﺤﻴﻄـﺔ ﺑﻬـﺎ ﻣﻤـﺎ ﻳﺠﻌﻠﻬـﺎ ﺗﺘﻮﻫﺞ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻮن اﻷﺣﻤﺮ ا ﻜﺜﻒ اﻟﺬي ﻧـﺮاه ﰲ ﻫﺬه اﻟﺼﻮرة اﻟﺠﺬاﺑﺔ . أﻣﺎ اﻟﺨﻴﻮط اﻟﺪاﻛﻨـﺔ ﰲ اﻟﺴﺪﻳﻢ ﻓﺘﺸﺒﻪ ﻫﻴﻜﻞ ﻋﻈﻤـﻲ ﻟﻠﺨﻔـﺎش ﺗﺘﻮﻫﺞ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻮن اﻷﺣﻤﺮ ا ﻜﺜﻒ اﻟﺬي ﻧـﺮاه ﰲ ﻫﺬه اﻟﺼﻮرة اﻟﺠﺬاﺑﺔ . أﻣﺎ اﻟﺨﻴﻮط اﻟﺪاﻛﻨـﺔ ﰲ اﻟﺴﺪﻳﻢ ﻓﺘﺸﺒﻪ ﻫﻴﻜﻞ ﻋﻈﻤـﻲ ﻟﻠﺨﻔـﺎش اﻟﻔﻀﺎﺋﻲ . ﻫﺬه اﻟﺒُﻨﻰ ﻫـﻲ ﺗﺠﻤﻌـﺎت أﺑـﺮد وأﻛﺜﺮ ﻛﺜﺎﻓﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻐﺎز ﻣﻘﺎرﻧـﺔ ﺑﻤﺤﻴﻄﻬـﺎ ﺗﺤﺘﻮي ﻋﲆ ﺣﺒﻴﺒﺎت ﻏ ﺒﺎر ﺗﺤﺠـﺐ اﻟﻀـﻮ ء ا ﺮﺋﻲ اﻟﻘﺎدم ﻣﻦ اﻟﻨﺠﻮم ﺧﻠﻔﻬﺎ وﻗﺪ ﺳ ﻤﻴﺖ اﻟﺴﺪم اﻟﺮﺋﻴﺴﻴﺔ ﻫﻨﺎ ﻧﺴﺒﺔ إﱃ ﻓﻬﺮس ﻛﺒـ ﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺗﻜﻮّن اﻟ ﻨﺠﻮم اﻟﺴﺎﻃﻌﺔ ﰲ اﻟﺴـﻤﺎء اﻟﺠﻨﻮﺑﻴﺔ ﺣﻴﺚ ﺗﻤﺜﻞ اﻟﻐﻴﻮم اﻷﻛﺜـﺮ ﺑـﺮوز اً RCW 94 ﺟﻨﺎح اﻟﺨﻔﺎش اﻷﻳﻤﻦ و RCW 95 ﺗﺸﻜﻞ ﺟﺴﺪه ﺑﻴﻨﻤﺎ اﻷﺟـﺰاء اﻷﺧـﺮى ﻣـﻦ اﻟﺨﻔﺎش ﻻ ﺗﺤﻤﻞ أي ﺗ ﺴﻤﻴﺔ رﺳـﻤﻴﺔ . ﺗـﻢ اﻟﺘﻘﺎط ﻫﺬا ا ﻬﺪ اﻟﻨﺠﻤﻲ ا ﺬﻫﻞ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام ﺗﻠﺴـﻜﻮب VST ، وﻫـﻮ ﺗﻠﺴـﻜﻮب ﻣﻤﻠـﻮك اﻟﺨﻔﺎش ﻻ ﺗﺤ ﻤﻞ أي ﺗﺴﻤﻴﺔ رﺳـﻤﻴﺔ . ﺗـﻢ اﻟﺘﻘﺎط ﻫﺬ اﻟ ه ﺤﺎﺿﻨﺔ اﻟﻨﺠﻤﻴ ﺔ ﺑﺎﺳـﺘﺨﺪام ﺗﻠﺴﻜﻮب ا ﺴﺢ اﻟﺘﺎﺑﻊ ﻟﻠﺘﻠﺴـﻜﻮب اﻟﻜﺒـ ﺟﺪاً وﻫﻮ ﺗﻠﺴﻜﻮب ﻣﻤﻠﻮك و ﻳـ ﺪﻳﺮه ا ﻌﻬـﺪ اﻟـﻮﻃﻨﻲ اﻹﻳﻄـﺎﱄ ﻟﻌﻠـﻢ اﻟﻔﻠـﻚ ﰲ ﻣﺮﺻـﺪ ﺑﺎراﻧﺎل اﻟﺘﺎﺑﻊ ﻟﻠﻤﺮﺻﺪ اﻷوروﺑﻲ اﻟﺠﻨﻮﺑﻲ ﰲ أﺗﺎﻛ ﺻﺤﺮاء ﻣﺎ ﺎ . ﰲ ﺗﺸﻴﲇ ﻳﻌﺪ ﻣﻮﻗﻊ ﻣﺮﺻـﺪ ﺑﺎرﻧـﺎل ﻣﺜﺎﻟﻴـ ﺎً ﰲ ﻗﻠـﺐ ﺻﺤﺮاء أﺗﺎﻛﺎﻣﺎ وﻳﺘﻤﻴـﺰ ﺗﻠﺴـﻜﻮب ا ﺴـﺢ ﺑ ﻘـﺪرات ﻣﻤﺘـﺎزة ﻻﻟﺘﻘـﺎط ﻫـﺬه اﻷ ﺟـﺮام اﻟﻜﻮﻧﻴـﺔ اﻟﻐﺮﻳﺒـﺔ وا ﻟﻀـﺨﻤﺔ ﻓﻬـﻮ ﻣـﺰو د ﺑﻜﺎﻣ ا اوﻣﻴﻐﺎ ﻛﺎم اﻟﺤﺪﻳﺜﺔ ذات دﻗـﺔ 268 ﻣﻴﻐﺎﺑﻜﺴﻞ ﻣﻤـﺎ ﻳﺘـﻴﺢ ﻟ ﺘﻠﺴـﻜﻮب ا ﺴـﺢ ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮ ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺎت ﺷﺎﺳﻌﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺴﻤﺎء . ﺗﻢ ﺗﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﻫﺬه اﻟﺼﻮرة ﻣﻦ ﺧـﻼل أرﺻـﺎد أﺟﺮﻳﺖ ﻋﱪ ﻣﺮﺷـﺤﺎت ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔـﺔ ﻳﻤـﺮ ﻛـﻞ ل ﻄﻮ ﺑ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻣﻮﺟﻲ ﻣﻌ وﻗﺪ اﻟﺘﻘﻂ ﻣﻌﻈﻢ اﻟﺨﻔﺎش "ﺷﻜﻞ " ﺑﻤﺎ ﰲ ذﻟﻚ اﻟﺘﻮﻫﺞ اﻷﺣﻤ ﺮ ﰲ ﻧﻄــﺎق اﻟﻀــﻮء ا ﺮﺋ ـﻲ ﺿــﻤﻦ ﻣﺴــﺢ VPHAS .+ ﻛﻤﺎ أﺿﻴﻔﺖ ﺑﻴﺎﻧـﺎت ﺑﺎﻷﺷـﻌﺔ ﺗﺤﺖ اﻟﺤﻤﺮاء ﻹﺑﺮاز أﻛﺜﺮ ا ﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻛﺜﺎﻓـﺔ ﰲ اﻟﺴﺪﻳﻢ وﺗﻢ اﻟﺤﺼﻮل ﻋﱪ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺗﻠﺴـﻜﻮب ا ﺴﺢ ( ﻓﻴﺴﺘﺎ ) ﺿﻤﻦ إﻃﺎر ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﻣﺴـﺢ ا ﺘﻐــ ات ﰲ درب اﻟﺘﺒﺎﻧــﺔ . وﻳﻈــﻞ ﻛــﻼ ا ﺴﺤ ﻣﺘﺎﺣ ﻦ ﻳﺮﻏـﺐ ﰲ اﺳﺘﻜﺸـﺎف ﻫﺬا اﻟﻜﻢ اﻟﻜﺒ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺼﻮر اﻟﻜﻮﻧﻴﺔ . - ﻳﻨﺎﻳﺮ ﻓﺒﺮﺍﻳﺮ 2 0 2 6