Free Astronomy Magazine January-February 2026 ARABIC VERSION

W T yearsawaythesupernova,SN2024ggi,explodedinthegalaxyNGC3621. hisartist’simpressionshowsastargoingsupernova.About22millionlight- UsingtheESO’sVeryLargeTelescope,astronomersmanagedtocapturethevery early stage of the supernova when the blast was breaking through the star’s surface.Observingthebreakoutsoearlyon—26hoursafterthesupernovawas firstdetected—revealeditstrueshape.Thesupernovabrokeoutinanolive-like form. This marks the first ever observation of the shape of a supernova explo- sionatthisveryearlystage.[ESO/L.Calçada] The initial shape of a supernova explosion byESO BárbaraFerreira henthesupernovaexplo- sion SN 2024ggi was first detectedonthenightof 10April2024,YiYang,anassistant professor at Tsinghua University in Beijing,China,andtheleadauthor of the new study, had just landed in San Francisco after a long-haul flight. He knew he had to act quickly.Twelvehourslater,hehad sent an observing proposal to ESO, which, after a very quick approval process,pointeditsVLTtelescopein Chile at the supernova on 11 April, just26hoursaftertheinitialdetec- JANUARY-FEBRUARY2026 24 ﻣﺠﻠﺔ FreeAstronomy ﺎﻟﻌﺮ ﺔ اﻟﻤﺮﺣﻠﺔ اﻻ ﺘﺪاﺋ ﺔ ﻻﻧﻔﺠﺎر اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻌﺮاﻷﻋﻈﻢ : ﻘﻠﻢ ﺎر ﺮا ﻓ ﺮا اﻟﻤﺮﺻﺪ اﻷوروﺑﻲ اﻟـﺠﻨﻮﺑﻲ ﻋﻨـﺪﻣﺎ ﺗﻢ رﺻﺪ اﻧﻔﺠـﺎر ا ﺴـﺘﻌﺮ اﻷﻋﻈـﻢ ا ﺴﻤﻰ SN 2024ggi ﻷول ﻣـﺮة ﰲ ﻟﻴﻠـﺔ 10 أﺑﺮﻳﻞ 2024 ﻛﺎن ﻳﻲ ﻳﺎﻧﻎ اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ ا ﺴﺎﻋﺪ ﰲ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﺗﺴﻴﻨﻐﻬﻮا ﰲ ﻟﺼا وا ﺆﻟﻒ اﻟﺮﺋﻴﴘ ﻟﻠﺪراﺳﺔ اﻟﺠﺪﻳﺪة ﻗـﺪ وﺻـﻞ ﻟﻠﺘـﻮ إﱃ ﺳـﺎن ﻓﺮاﻧﺴﻴﺴﻜﻮ ﺑﻌﺪ رﺣﻠﺔ ﺟﻮﻳﺔ ﻃﻮﻳﻠﺔ . ﻛﺎن ﻳﺪرك أﻫﻤﻴﺔ اﻟﺘﺤﺮك ﺒﻌـﺪ ﻓ ﴪﻋﺔ ـﺑ 12 ﻗﺪم ﺳﺎﻋﺔ ﻓﻘﻂ ﻣﻘـﱰح ر ﺻـ ﺪ إﱃ ا ﺮﺻـﺪ اﻷوروﺑﻲ اﻟﺠﻨﻮﺑﻲ و ﺑﻌـﺪ إﺟـﺮاءات ﻣﻮاﻓﻘـﺔ ﻪوﺟ ﺔﴎﻳﻌ ا ﺮﺻﺪ ﺗﻠﺴﻜﻮﺑﻪ اﻟﻜﺒ ﺟـﺪ ﰲ اً ﺗﺸﻴﲇ ﻧﺤﻮ ا ﺴﺘﻌﺮ اﻷﻋﻈﻢ ﺑﻌـﺪ 26 ﺳـﺎﻋﺔ ﻓﻘﻂ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺮﺻﺪ اﻷوﱄ . ـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ ﻈﻬـــﺮ ﻫــﺬا اﻟﺮﺳـــﻢ اﻟﺘﺨ ﻠـــﻲ ﻧ ﻤـــ ﺎً ﺘﻔﺠـــﺮﻋﻠــﻰﻫﻴﺌـــﺔ ﻣﺴـــﺘﻌﺮأﻋﻈـــﻢ . وﻋﻠــﻰ ﻌـــﺪ ﻧﺤـــﻮ 22 ﻣﻠﻴـــﻮنﺳـــﻨﺔ ﺿﻮﺋ ﺔ اﻧﻔﺠﺮ اﻟﻤﺴ ﺘﻌﺮ اﻷﻋﻈﻢ SN 2024ggi ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺠﺮة NGC 3621 . و ﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام اﻟﺘﻠﺴ ﻮب اﻟﻜﺒ ﺟﺪ اً اﻟﺘﺎﺑﻊ ﻟ ﻠﻤﺮﺻﺪ اﻷوروﺑﻲ اﻟ ـ ﺠﻨﻮﺑﻲ ﺗﻤﻜ ﻦ اﻟﻔﻠﻜﻴ ﻮن ﻣﻦ اﻟﺘﻘﺎط اﻟﻤﺮﺣﻠﺔ اﻟﻤ ﻜﺮ اً ة ﺟﺪ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺴـﺘﻌﺮ اﻷﻋﻈـﻢ ﻋﻨﺪ ﻣﺎ ﺎن اﻻﻧﻔﺠﺎر ﺸﻖﻃﺮ ﻘﮫ ﻣﺨ ﻗ ﺎً ﺳﻄﺢ اﻟﻨ ﻢ وﻗﺪ أﺗﺎح رﺻﺪ ﻟ ـ ﺤﻈﺔ اﻻﺧ اقﻓﻲ وﻗﺖﻣ ﻜﺮﻟﻠﻐﺎ ﺔ ﻌــﺪ 26 ﺳــﺎﻋﺔ ﻓﻘــﻂ ﻣــﻦ ا ﻛﺘﺸــﺎف اﻟﻤﺴـﺘﻌﺮ اﻷﻋﻈـﻢ ﻷول ﻣـﺮة ﻛَﺸْــﻒَ ﺷــ ﻠﮫ اﻟــ ـ . ﺤﻘ ﻘﻲ إذ ﺧـﺮج اﻻﻧﻔﺠــﺎر ـﺔ اﻟﺰ ﺘـﻮن ﻓﻲ ﻫﻴﺌﺔ ﺗﺸ ﮫ ﺣ . و ﻤﺜـ ﻞ ذﻟـﻚ أول رﺻـﺪ ﻋﻠـﻰ ا ﻹﻃـﻼق ﻟﺸـ ﻞ اﻧﻔﺠـﺎرﻣﺴـﺘﻌﺮ أﻋﻈـﻢ ﻓـﻲﻫـﺬﻩ اﻟﻤﺮﺣﻠﺔ اﻟﻤ ﻜﺮة . [ESO/L. Calçada] - ﻳﻨﺎﻳﺮ ﻓﺒﺮﺍﻳﺮ 2 0 2 6